RT Journal Article SR Electronic T1 High flow nasal cannula (HFNC) long term benefits through a study exploring links between bronchiolitis and (epigenetic) influence of virus to asthma evolution JF European Respiratory Journal JO Eur Respir J FD European Respiratory Society SP PA4367 DO 10.1183/13993003.congress-2016.PA4367 VO 48 IS suppl 60 A1 Kalomoira Kefala A1 Marie-Christine Seghaye YR 2016 UL http://erj.ersjournals.com/content/48/suppl_60/PA4367.abstract AB Introduction: Rhinovirus/RSV have been related to recurrence of wheezing and asthma.Infants who have been hospitalized due to bronchiolitis seem to evolve to asthma as compared to those without a need for hospitalization.Aims and objectives: To test if a) bronchiolitis has a link to asthma evolution b) this association could be due to immediate damage of bronchial epithelium or due to a parallel pathway where virus could provoke epigenetic influences to support asthma evolution.To estimate which one is more conceivable, we test if c) High Flow Nasal Cannula(HFNC) oxygen(O2) at 2liters(lt)/kg/min has an effect upon recurrence of hospitalization due to bronchiolitis as compared to low flow O2.Methods: We followed up infants who have been set under HFNC and Low Flow O2,one year after the initial study.Primary outcome:recurrence of hospitalization due to bronchiolitis.SPSS analysis through Multiple Hierarchical Linear Regression has been used to verify if HFNC effect has been independent of the influence of other variables such as virus and young age of the infant.Results: HFNC O2 at 2lt/kg/min for infants with bronchiolitis has been associated to decrease of hospitalisations due to bronchiolitis during the year following its administration (p 0,04). This effect has been more powerful than the virus influence and remained even if we adjusted for sex,age and initiation upon first or recurrent bronchiolitis.Conclusions: This supports the hypothesis that there is a link in between bronchiolitis and asthma through immediate damage of bronchial epithelium that overweighs influence of virus that seem to act in a parallel pathway.