PT  - JOURNAL ARTICLE
AU  - Om Prakash Kurmi
AU  - Pallavi Huma Arya
AU  - Kin Bong Hubert Lam
AU  - Tom Sorahan
AU  - Jon G Ayres
TI  - Lung cancer risk of solid fuel smoke exposure: a systematic review and meta-analysis
AID  - 10.1183/09031936.00099511
DP  - 2012 Jan 01
TA  - European Respiratory Journal
PG  - erj00995-2011
4099  - http://erj.ersjournals.com/content/early/2012/05/31/09031936.00099511.short
4100  - http://erj.ersjournals.com/content/early/2012/05/31/09031936.00099511.full
AB  - The aim of this systematic review was to quantify the impact of biomass fuel and coal use on lung cancer and to explore reasons for heterogeneity in the reported effect sizes.A systematic review of primary studies reporting the relationship between solid fuel use and lung cancer was carried out, based on pre-defined criteria. Studies that dealt with confounding factors were used in the meta-analysis. Fuel types, smoking, country, cancer cell type and gender were considered in sub-group analyses. Publication bias and heterogeneity were estimated.The pooled effect estimate for coal smoke as a lung carcinogen (OR=1.82, 95% CI 1.60, 2.06) was greater than that from biomass smoke (OR=1.50, 95% CI 1.17, 1.94). The risk of lung cancer for solid fuel use was greater in females (OR=1.81, 95% CI 1.54, 2.12) compared to males (OR=1.16, 95% CI 0.79, 1.69). The pooled effect estimates were 2.33 (95% CI 1.72, 3.17) for adenocarcinoma, 3.58 (1.58, 8.12) for squamous cell carcinoma, and 1.57 (1.38, 1.80) for tumours of unspecified cell type.These findings suggest that in-home burning of both coal and biomass is consistently associated with an increased risk of lung cancer.