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Intake of n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids in childhood, FADS genotype, and incident asthma

Mohammad Talaei, Emmanouela Sdona, Philip C. Calder, Louise R. Jones, Pauline M. Emmett, Raquel Granell, Anna Bergström, Erik Melén, Seif O. Shaheen
European Respiratory Journal 2021; DOI: 10.1183/13993003.03633-2020
Mohammad Talaei
1Institute of Population Health Sciences, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
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Emmanouela Sdona
2Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
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Philip C. Calder
3Human Development and Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
4NIHR Southampton Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust and University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
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Louise R. Jones
5Centre for Academic Child Health, Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
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Pauline M. Emmett
5Centre for Academic Child Health, Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
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Raquel Granell
6MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit (IEU), Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
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Anna Bergström
2Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
7Centre for Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Region Stockholm, Stockholm, Sweden
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Erik Melén
2Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
8Department of Clinical Science and Education, Södersjukhuset, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
9Sachs’ Children and Youth Hospital, Södersjukhuset, Stockholm, Sweden
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Seif O. Shaheen
1Institute of Population Health Sciences, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
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Abstract

Longitudinal evidence on the relation between dietary intake of n-3 (omega-3) very long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids, eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), in mid-childhood and asthma risk is scarce. We aimed to investigate whether a higher intake of EPA and DHA from fish in childhood is associated with a lower risk of incident asthma.

In the Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children, dietary intakes of EPA and DHA from fish were estimated by food frequency questionnaire at 7 years of age. We used logistic regression, controlling for confounders, to analyse associations between intake of EPA and DHA (quartiles) and incidence of doctor-diagnosed asthma at age 11 or 14 years, and explored potential effect modification by a fatty acid desaturase (FADS) polymorphism (rs1535). Replication was sought in the Swedish BAMSE birth cohort.

There was no evidence of association between intake of EPA plus DHA from fish and incident asthma overall (n=4543). However, when stratified by FADS genotype, the odds ratio (95% confidence interval) comparing top versus bottom quartile amongst the 2025 minor G allele carriers was 0.49 (0.31–0.79) (p-trend 0.006), but no inverse association was observed in the homozygous major A allele group (odds ratio 1.43, 95% confidence interval 0.83–2.46, p-trend 0.19) (p-interaction 0.006). This gene-nutrient interaction on incident asthma was replicated in BAMSE.

In children with a common FADS variant, higher intake of EPA and DHA from fish in childhood was strongly associated with a lower risk of incident asthma up to mid-adolescence.

Footnotes

This manuscript has recently been accepted for publication in the European Respiratory Journal. It is published here in its accepted form prior to copyediting and typesetting by our production team. After these production processes are complete and the authors have approved the resulting proofs, the article will move to the latest issue of the ERJ online. Please open or download the PDF to view this article.

Conflict of interest: Dr. Talaei has nothing to disclose.

Conflict of interest: Dr. Sdona has nothing to disclose.

Conflict of interest: Dr. Calder has nothing to disclose.

Conflict of interest: Dr. Emmett reports grants from Nestle Nutrition, outside the submitted work.

Conflict of interest: Dr. Granell has nothing to disclose.

Conflict of interest: Dr. Bergström has nothing to disclose.

Conflict of interest: Dr. Melén has nothing to disclose.

Conflict of interest: Dr. Shaheen has nothing to disclose.

Conflict of interest: Dr. Jones reports grants from Nestle Nutrition, outside the submitted work.

This is a PDF-only article. Please click on the PDF link above to read it.

  • Received September 25, 2020.
  • Accepted January 14, 2021.
  • ©The authors 2021. For reproduction rights and permissions contact permissions{at}ersnet.org
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Intake of n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids in childhood, FADS genotype, and incident asthma
Mohammad Talaei, Emmanouela Sdona, Philip C. Calder, Louise R. Jones, Pauline M. Emmett, Raquel Granell, Anna Bergström, Erik Melén, Seif O. Shaheen
European Respiratory Journal Jan 2021, 2003633; DOI: 10.1183/13993003.03633-2020

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Intake of n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids in childhood, FADS genotype, and incident asthma
Mohammad Talaei, Emmanouela Sdona, Philip C. Calder, Louise R. Jones, Pauline M. Emmett, Raquel Granell, Anna Bergström, Erik Melén, Seif O. Shaheen
European Respiratory Journal Jan 2021, 2003633; DOI: 10.1183/13993003.03633-2020
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