Figures
- FIGURE 1
Comparison of the time-dependent risk of reaching to the composite endpoints. a) The time-dependent risk of reaching to the composite endpoints between patients with (orange curve) or without any comorbidity (dark blue curve). b) The time-dependent risk of reaching to the composite endpoints between patients without any comorbidity (orange curve), patients with a single comorbidity (dark blue curve), and patients with two or more comorbidities (green curve). Cox proportional hazard regression models were applied to determine the potential risk factors associated with the composite endpoints, with the hazards ratio (HR) and 95% confidence interval (95%CI) being reported.
- FIGURE 2
Predictors of the composite endpoints in the proportional hazards model. Shown in the figure are the hazards ratio (HR) and the 95% confidence interval (95%CI) for the risk factors associated with the composite endpoints (admission to intensive care unit, invasive ventilation, or death). The comorbidities were classified according to the organ systems as well as the number. The scale bar indicates the HR. Cox proportional hazard regression models were applied to determine the potential risk factors associated with the composite endpoints, with the hazards ratio (HR) and 95% confidence interval (95%CI) being reported. The model has been adjusted with age and smoking status.
Tables
- TABLE 1
Demographics and clinical characteristics of patients with or without any comorbidities
Variables Any comorbidity Total (n=1590) No (n=1191) Yes (n=399) Age (years) 48.9±16.3 44.8±15.2 60.8±13.4 Incubation period (day) 3.6±4.2 3.7±4.3 3.5±3.9 Temperature on admission (℃) 37.4±0.9 37.4±0.9 37.3±0.9 Respiratory rate on admission (breath·min−1) 21.2±12.0 21.2±13.7 21.3±4.7 Heart rate on admission (beat·min−1) 88.7±14.6 88.5±14.7 89.2±14.4 Systolic pressure on admission (mmHg) 126.1±16.4 123.5±15.2 133.2±17.5 Diastolic pressure on admission (mmHg) 79.5±25.6 79±28.9 80.9±12.6 Highest temperature (℃) 38.3±1.6 38.3±1.1 38.2±2.6 Sex Male 904/1578 (57.3) 667/1182 (56.4) 237/396 (59.8) Female 674/1578 (42.7) 515/1182 (43.6) 159/396 (40.2) Smoking status Never/unknown 1479/1590 (93) 1127/1191 (94.6) 352/399 (88.2) Former/current 111/1590 (7) 64/1191 (5.4) 47/399 (11.8) Symptoms Fever 1351/1536 (88) 1002/1148 (87.3) 349/388 (89.9) Conjunctival congestion 10/1345 (0.7) 7/1014 (0.7) 3/331 (0.9) Nasal congestion 73/1299 (5.6) 59/979 (6) 14/320 (4.4) Headache 205/1328 (15.4) 151/1002 (15.1) 54/326 (16.6) Dry cough 1052/1498 (70.2) 775/1116 (69.4) 277/382 (72.5) Pharyngodynia 194/1317 (14.7) 148/999 (14.8) 46/318 (14.5) Productive cough 513/1424 (36) 363/1064 (34.1) 150/360 (41.7) Fatigue 584/1365 (42.8) 435/1031 (42.2) 149/334 (44.6) Hemoptysis 16/1315 (1.2) 9/991 (0.9) 7/324 (2.2) Shortness of breath 331/1394 (23.7) 185/1041 (17.8) 146/353 (41.4) Nausea/vomiting 80/1371 (5.8) 44/1025 (4.3) 36/346 (10.4) Diarrhea 57/1359 (4.2) 39/1023 (3.8) 18/336 (5.4) Myalgia/arthralgia 234/1338 (17.5) 174/1007 (17.3) 60/331 (18.1) Chill 163/1333 (12.2) 129/1006 (12.8) 34/327 (10.4) Signs Throat congestion 21/1286 (1.6) 16/973 (1.6) 5/313 (1.6) Tonsil swelling 31/1376 (2.3) 22/1024 (2.1) 9/352 (2.6) Enlargement of lymph nodes 2/1375 (0.1) 1/1027 (0.1) 1/348 (0.3) Rash 3/1378 (0.2) 2/1032 (0.2) 1/346 (0.3) Unconsciousness 20/1421 (1.4) 11/1063 (1) 9/358 (2.5) Abnormal chest image Radiograph 243/1590 (15.3) 236/1566 (15.1) 44 036 (29.2) Computed tomography 1130/1590 (71.1) 1113/1566 (71.1) 17/24 (70.8) Hubei Yes 647/1590 (40.7) 434/1191 (36.4) 213/399 (53.4) No 943/1590 (59.3) 757/1191 (63.6) 186/399 (46.6) Wuhan-contacted Yes 1334/1590 (83.9) 983/1191 (82.5) 351/399 (88) No 256/1590 (16.1) 208/1191 (17.5) 48/399 (12) Severity 254/1590 (16) 123/1191 (10.3) 131/399 (32.8) Composite endpoint 131/1590 (8.2) 54/1191 (4.5) 77/399 (19.3) Death 50/1590 (3.1) 15/1191 (1.3) 35/399 (8.8) Admission to ICU 99/1590 (6.2) 45/1191 (3.8) 54/399 (13.5) Invasive ventilation 50/1590 (3.1) 19/1191 (1.6) 31/399 (1.6) Data are mean±standard deviation, n/N (%), where N is the total number of patients with available data.
COPD: chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; ICU: intensive care unit.
- TABLE 2
Demographics and clinical characteristics of patients with 1 or ≥2 comorbidities
Variables 1 comorbidity (n=269) ≥2 comorbidities (n=130) Age (years) 58.2±13.1 66.2±12.2 Incubation period (days) 3.2±3.1 4.0±5.2 Temperature on admission (℃) 37.4±0.9 37.1±0.9 Respiratory rate on admission (breath·min−1) 21.4±4.6 21.2±5 Heart rate (bit·minute−1) 90.2±14.6 87.2±13.7 Systolic pressure on admission (mmHg) 132.2±16.5 135.3±19.4 Diastolic pressure on admission (mmHg) 81.7±12.5 79.5±12.9 Highest temperature (℃) 38.2±3.0 38.4±0.8 Sex Male 158/268 (59.0) 79/128 (61.7) Female 110/268 (41.0) 49/128 (38.3) Smoking status Never/unknown 234/269 (87.0) 118/130 (90.8) Former/current 35/269 (13.0) 12/130 (9.2) Symptoms Fever 241/263 (91.6) 108/125 (86.4) Conjunctival congestion 3/222 (1.4) 0/109 (0) Nasal congestion 5/213 (2.3) 9/107 (8.4) Headache 34/220 (15.5) 20/106 (18.9) Dry cough 195/258 (75.6) 82/124 (66.1) Pharyngodynia 33/218 (15.1) 13/100 (13.0) Productive cough 101/241 (41.9) 49/119 (41.2) Fatigue 97/227 (42.7) 52/107 (48.6) Hemoptysis 4/219 (1.8) 3/105 (2.9) Shortness of breath 79/232 (34.1) 67/121 (55.4) Nausea/vomiting 23/236 (9.7) 13/110 (11.8) Diarrhea 11/229 (4.8) 7/107 (6.5) Myalgia/arthralgia 45/227 (19.8) 15/104 (14.4) Chill 25/222 (11.3) 9/105 (8.6) Signs Throat congestion 4/216 (1.9) 1/97 (1) Tonsil swelling 5/234 (2.1) 4/118 (3.4) Enlargement of lymph nodes 1/232 (0.4) 0/116 (0) Rash 0/231 (0) 1/115 (0.9) Unconsciousness 3/240 (1.3) 6/118 (5.1) Abnormal chest image Radiograph 63/269 (23.4) 27/130 (20.8) Computed tomography 200/269 (74.3) 96/130 (73.8) Hubei Yes 120/269 (44.6) 93/130 (71.5) No 149/269 (55.4) 37/130 (28.5) Wuhan-contacted Yes 229/269 (85.1) 122/130 (93.8) No 40/269 (14.9) 8/130 (6.2) Severity 79/269 (29.4) 52/130 (40.0) Composite endpoint 40/269 (14.9) 37/130 (28.5) Deaths 15/269 (5.6) 20/130 (15.4) Admission to ICU 31/269 (11.5) 23/130 (17.7) Invasive ventilation 17/269 (6.3) 14/130 (10.8) Data are mean±standard deviation, n/N (%), where N is the total number of patients with available data.
COPD: chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; ICU: intensive care unit.
- TABLE 3
Demographics and clinical characteristics of patients stratified by different comorbidities
COPD Diabetes Hypertension Cardiovascular disease Cerebrovascular disease No (n=1566) Yes (n=24) No (n=1460) Yes (n=130) No (n=1321) Yes (n=269) No (n=1531) Yes (n=59) No (n=1560) Yes (n=30) Age (year) 48.5±16.0 74.7±6.8 47.8±16.1 61.2±13.4 46.2±15.6 62.1±12.5 48.2±15.9 66.3±15.1 48.5±16.1 70.4±8.9 Incubation period (day) 3.6±4.2 4.5±3.2 3.6±4.1 3.8±5.0 3.6±4.2 3.6±4.1 3.7±4.2 3.3±3.7 3.6±4.2 3.8±3.4 Temperature on admission (℃) 37.4±0.9 37.3±0.9 37.4±0.9 37.2±1.0 37.4±0.9 37.2±0.9 37.4±0.9 37.3±1 37.4±0.9 36.9±0.8 Respiratory rate on admission (breath·min−1) 21.2±12.1 21.8±5.2 21.2±12.4 21.4±5.4 21.2±13.1 21.3±4.5 21.2±12.2 21.4±6.2 21.3±12.1 19.9±3.3 Heart rate (bit·minute−1) 88.6±14.6 90.2±12.8 88.6±14.6 89.1±14.3 88.6±14.7 89±14.3 88.8±14.6 86.4±14.9 88.8±14.6 84.5±11.4 Systolic pressure on admission (mmHg) 126±16.4 131±17.5 125.3±15.9 134.4±19.1 123.9±15.2 135.4±18.2 125.8±16.3 132.3±18.8 125.9±16.4 132.9±16 Diastolic pressure on admission (mmHg) 79.6±25.7 77±11.9 79.4±26.4 80.9±13.2 79.2±27.7 81±12.5 79.6±25.9 78.4±13.6 79.6±25.8 77.4±9.6 Highest temperature (℃) 38.3±1.6 38.5±0.6 38.3±1.7 38.4±0.8 38.3±1.3 38.2±2.7 38.3±1.7 38.5±0.8 38.3±1.6 38.2±1 Sex Male 884/1554 (56.9) 20/24 (83.3) 828/1449 (57.1) 76/129 (58.9) 748/1312 (57) 156/266 (58.6) 868/1520 (57.1) 36/58 (62.1) 881/1548 (56.9) 23/30 (76.7) Female 670/1554 (43.1) 4/24 (16.7) 621/1449 (42.9) 53/129 (41.1) 564/1312 (43) 110/266 (41.4) 652/1520 (42.9) 22/58 (37.9) 667/1548 (43.1) 7/30 (23.3) Smoking status Never/unknown 1458/1566 (93.1) 21/24 (87.5) 1368/1460 (93.7) 111/130 (85.4) 1232/1321 (93.3) 247/269 (91.8) 1426/1531 (93.1) 53/59 (89.8) 1453/1560 (93.1) 26/30 (86.7) Former/current 108/1566 (6.9) 3/24 (12.5) 92/1460 (6.3) 19/130 (14.6) 89/1321 (6.7) 22/269 (8.2) 105/1531 (6.9) 6/59 (10.2) 107/1560 (6.9) 4/30 (13.3) Symptoms Fever 1331/1513 (88) 20/23 (87.0) 1239/1412 (87.7) 112/124 (90.3) 1113/1273 (87.4) 238/263 (90.5) 1308/1482 (88.3) 43/54 (79.6) 1328/1507 (88.1) 23/29 (79.3) Conjunctival congestion 10/1325 (0.8) 0/20 (0) 9/1237 (0.7) 1/108 (0.9) 9/1120 (0.8) 1/225 (0.4) 10/1299 (0.8) 0/46 (0) 10/1320 (0.8) 0/25 (0) Nasal congestion 72/1281 (5.6) 1/18 (5.6) 66/1195 (5.5) 7/104 (6.7) 62/1079 (5.7) 11/220 (5) 67/1253 (5.3) 6/46 (13.0) 73/1275 (5.7) 0/24 (0) Headache 202/1309 (15.4) 3/19 (15.8) 187/1225 (15.3) 18/103 (17.5) 166/1106 (15) 39/222 (17.6) 197/1283 (15.4) 8/45 (17.8) 197/1303 (15.1) 8/25 (32.0) Dry cough 1038/1474 (70.4) 14/24 (58.3) 972/1378 (70.5) 80/120 (66.7) 854/1238 (69) 198/260 (76.2) 1018/1442 (70.6) 34/56 (60.7) 1035/1469 (70.5) 17/29 (58.6) Pharyngodynia 189/1300 (14.5) 5/17 (29.4) 182/1219 (14.9) 12/98 (12.2) 165/1102 (15) 29/215 (13.5) 185/1272 (14.5) 9/45 (20) 192/1296 (14.8) 2/21 (9.5) Productive cough 502/1400 (35.9) 11/24 (45.8) 462/1309 (35.3) 51/115 (44.3) 403/1178 (34.2) 110/246 (44.7) 499/1373 (36.3) 14/51 (27.5) 504/1397 (36.1) 9/27 (33.3) Fatigue 573/1347 (42.5) 11/18 (61.1) 529/1257 (42.1) 55/108 (50.9) 488/1143 (42.7) 96/222 (43.2) 564/1318 (42.8) 20/47 (42.6) 574/1344 (42.7) 10/21 (47.6) Hemoptysis 15/1296 (1.2) 1/19 (5.3) 12/1214 (1.0) 4/101 (4.0) 12/1096 (1.1) 4/219 (1.8) 15/1268 (1.2) 1/47 (2.1) 16/1292 (1.2) 0/23 (0) Shortness of breath 316/1371 (23) 15/23 (65.2) 277/1279 (21.7) 54/115 (47.0) 223/1154 (19.3) 108/240 (45) 310/1342 (23.1) 21/52 (40.4) 319/1366 (23.4) 12/28 (42.9) Nausea/vomiting 77/1350 (5.7) 3/21 (14.3) 69/1264 (5.5) 11/107 (10.3) 55/1134 (4.9) 25/237 (10.5) 73/1321 (5.5) 7/50 (14.0) 79/1348 (5.9) 1/23 (4.3) Diarrhea 57/1338 (4.3) 0/21 (0) 48/1255 (3.8) 9/104 (8.7) 46/1129 (4.1) 11/230 (4.8) 53/1313 (4.0) 4/46 (8.7) 57/1336 (4.3) 0/23 (0) Myalgia/arthralgia 231/1320 (17.5) 3/18 (16.7) 218/1234 (17.7) 16/104 (15.4) 188/1112 (16.9) 46/226 (20.4) 227/1294 (17.5) 7/44 (15.9) 233/1317 (17.7) 1/21 (4.8) Chill 159/1313 (12.1) 4/20 (20.0) 151/1230 (12.3) 12/103 (11.7) 140/1111 (12.6) 23/222 (10.4) 161/1290 (12.5) 2/43 (4.7) 162/1310 (12.4) 1/23 (4.3) Signs Throat congestion 21/1269 (1.7) 0/17 (0) 20/1189 (1.7) 1/97 (1) 18/1075 (1.7) 3/211 (1.4) 21/1245 (1.7) 0/41 (0) 21/1266 (1.7) 0/20 (0) Tonsil swelling 31/1355 (2.3) 0/21 (0) 28/1265 (2.2) 3/111 (2.7) 25/1133 (2.2) 6/243 (2.5) 29/1326 (2.2) 2/50 (4.0) 31/1348 (2.3) 0/28 (0) Enlargement of lymph nodes 2/1355 (0.1) 0/20 (0) 2/1267 (0.2) 0/108 (0) 2/1135 (0.2) 0/240 (0) 1/1325 (0.1) 1/50 (2.0) 2/1347 (0.1) 0/28 (0) Rash 3/1357 (0.2) 0/21 (0) 2/1270 (0.2) 1/108 (0.9) 2/1141 (0.2) 1/237 (0.4) 3/1327 (0.2) 0/51 (0) 3/1351 (0.2) 0/27 (0) Unconsciousness 18/1400 (1.3) 2/21 (9.5) 18/1309 (1.4) 2/112 (1.8) 12/1175 (1.0) 8/246 (3.3) 17/1371 (1.2) 3/50 (6) 19/1392 (1.4) 1/29 (3.4) Abnormal chest image Radiograph 236/1566 (15.1) 7/24 (29.2) 218/1460 (14.9) 25/130 (19.2) 178/1321 (13.5) 65/269 (24.2) 231/1531 (15.1) 12/59 (20.3) 231/1560 (14.8) 12/30 (40) Computed tomography 1113/1566 (71.1) 17/24 (70.8) 1034/1460 (70.8) 96/130 (73.8) 926/1321 (70.1) 204/269 (75.8) 1090/1531 (71.2) 40/59 (67.8) 1111/1560 (71.2) 19/30 (63.3) Hubei Yes 633/1566 (40.4) 14/24 (58.3) 568/1460 (38.9) 79/130 (60.8) 491/1321 (37.2) 156/269 (58) 609/1531 (39.8) 38/59 (64.4) 623/1560 (39.9) 24/30 (80.0) No 933/1566 (59.6) 10/24 (41.7) 892/1460 (61.1) 51/130 (39.2) 830/1321 (62.8) 113/269 (42) 922/1531 (60.2) 21/59 (35.6) 937/1560 (60.1) 6/30 (20.0) Wuhan-contacted Yes 1312/1566 (83.8) 22/24 (91.7) 1216/1460 (83.3) 118/130 (90.8) 1092/1321 (82.7) 242/269 (90) 1282/1531 (83.7) 52/59 (88.1) 1306/1560 (83.7) 28/30 (93.3) No 254/1566 (16.2) 2/24 (8.3) 244/1460 (16.7) 12/130 (9.2) 229/1321 (17.3) 27/269 (10) 249/1531 (16.3) 7/59 (11.9) 254/1560 (16.3) 2/30 (6.7) Severity 239/1566 (15.3) 15/24 (62.5) 209/1460 (14.3) 45/130 (34.6) 166/1321 (12.6) 88/269 (32.7) 234/1531 (15.3) 20/59 (33.9) 239/1560 (15.3) 15/30 (50) Composite endpoint 119/1566 (7.6) 12/24 (50.0) 100/1460 (6.8) 31/130 (23.8) 78/1321 (5.9) 53/269 (19.7) 118/1531 (7.7) 13/59 (22.0) 121/1560 (7.8) 10/30 (33.3) Deaths 44/1566 (2.8) 6/24 (25.0) 37/1460 (2.5) 13/130 (10.0) 22/1321 (1.7) 28/269 (10.4) 42/1531 (2.7) 8/59 (13.6) 44/1560 (2.8) 6/30 (20) Admission to ICU 92/1566 (5.9) 7/24 (29.2) 80/1460 (5.5) 19/130 (14.6) 61/1321 (4.6) 38/269 (14.1) 91/1531 (5.9) 8/59 (13.6) 92/1560 (5.9) 7/30 (23.3) Invasive ventilation 45/1566 (2.9) 5/24 (20.8) 39/1460 (2.7) 11/130 (8.5) 28/1321 (2.1) 22/269 (8.2) 44/1531 (2.9) 6/59 (10.2) 46/1560 (2.9) 4/30 (13.3) Hepatitis B infection Malignancy Chronic kidney disease Immunodeficiency No (n=1566) Yes (n=24) No (n=1460) Yes (n=130) No (n=1321) Yes (n=269) No (n=1531) Yes (n=59) Age (year) 48.9±16.3 50.8±14.8 48.7±16.2 63.1±12.1 48.8±16.2 63.7±14 48.9±16.3 51±21.7 Incubation period (day) 3.7±4.2 3±2.8 3.7±4.2 3.1±3.1 3.6±4.1 3.3±7.5 3.6±4.1 12.7±16.3 Temperature on admission (℃) 37.4±0.9 37.3±0.8 37.4±0.9 37.3±0.9 37.4±0.9 37.2±1 37.4±0.9 36.6±0.2 Respiratory rate on admission (breath·min−1) 21.2±12.1 21.2±3 21.3±12.1 20.2±1.6 21.3±12.1 19±2.8 21.3±12 19±1 Heart rate (bit·minute−1) 88.7±14.6 86.3±13.2 88.7±14.6 89.4±13.1 88.7±14.6 89.1±12.5 88.7±14.6 91±18.5 Systolic pressure on admission (mmHg) 126.1±16.4 124.8±14.7 126±16.4 128.3±14.5 125.9±16.3 135.4±20.5 126.1±16.4 127.3±7.4 Diastolic pressure on admission (mmHg) 79.6±25.7 78.3±13 79.5±25.7 81.2±8.8 79.5±25.7 79.8±14 79.5±25.6 84.7±15 Highest temperature (℃) 38.3±1.5 37.6±4.4 38.3±1.6 38.5±0.9 38.3±1.6 38.5±0.5 38.3±1.6 38±0.5 Sex Male 885/1550 (57.1) 19/28 (67.9) 893/1560 (57.2) 11/18 (61.1) 891/1559 (57.2) 13/19 (68.4) 904/1575 (57.4) 0/3 (0) Female 665/1550 (42.9) 9/28 (32.1) 667/1560 (42.8) 7/18 (38.9) 668/1559 (42.8) 6/19 (31.6) 671/1575 (42.6) 3/3 (100) Smoking status Never/unknown 1454/1562 (93.1) 25/28 (89.3) 1465/1572 (93.2) 14/18 (77.8) 1459/1569 (93) 20/21 (95.2) 1477/1587 (93.1) 2/3 (66.7) Former/current 108/1562 (6.9) 3/28 (10.7) 107/1572 (6.8) 4/18 (22.2) 110/1569 (7) 1/21 (4.8) 110/1587 (6.9) 1/3 (33.3) Symptoms Fever 1326/1508 (87.9) 25/28 (89.3) 1335/1519 (87.9) 16/17 (94.1) 1334/1516 (88) 17/20 (85) 1348/1533 (87.9) 3/3 (100) Conjunctival congestion 9/1323 (0.7) 1/22 (4.5) 10/1330 (0.8) 0/15 (0) 10/1328 (0.8) 0/17 (0) 10/1343 (0.7) 0/2 (0) Nasal congestion 73/1277 (5.7) 0/22 (0) 71/1285 (5.5) 2/14 (14.3) 73/1282 (5.7) 0/17 (0) 73/1297 (5.6) 0/2 (0) Headache 202/1306 (15.5) 3/22 (13.6) 203/1314 (15.4) 2/14 (14.3) 203/1311 (15.5) 2/17 (11.8) 205/1326 (15.5) 0/2 (0) Dry cough 1037/1472 (70.4) 15/26 (57.7) 1039/1481 (70.2) 13/17 (76.5) 1037/1479 (70.1) 15/19 (78.9) 1050/1495 (70.2) 2/3 (66.7) Pharyngodynia 188/1294 (14.5) 6/23 (26.1) 193/1303 (14.8) 1/14 (7.1) 191/1300 (14.7) 3/17 (17.6) 193/1315 (14.7) 1/2 (50) Productive cough 508/1401 (36.3) 5/23 (21.7) 504/1408 (35.8) 9/16 (56.3) 505/1407 (35.9) 8/17 (47.1) 512/1421 (36) 1/3 (33.3) Fatigue 570/1340 (42.5) 14/25 (56) 577/1349 (42.8) 7/16 (43.8) 581/1350 (43) 3/15 (20) 583/1363 (42.8) 1/2 (50) Hemoptysis 16/1293 (1.2) 0/22 (0) 15/1299 (1.2) 1/16 (6.3) 16/1300 (1.2) 0/15 (0) 16/1313 (1.2) 0/2 (0) Shortness of breath 321/1370 (23.4) 10/24 (41.7) 323/1377 (23.5) 8/17 (47.1) 321/1375 (23.3) 10/19 (52.6) 330/1392 (23.7) 1/2 (50) Nausea/vomiting 78/1349 (5.8) 2/22 (9.1) 78/1355 (5.8) 2/16 (12.5) 79/1351 (5.8) 1/20 (5) 80/1369 (5.8) 0/2 (0) Diarrhea 55/1337 (4.1) 2/22 (9.1) 57/1343 (4.2) 0/16 (0) 56/1339 (4.2) 1/20 (5) 56/1356 (4.1) 1/3 (33.3) Myalgia/arthralgia 232/1316 (17.6) 2/22 (9.1) 231/1322 (17.5) 3/16 (18.8) 233/1323 (17.6) 1/15 (6.7) 233/1336 (17.4) 1/2 (50) Chill 161/1310 (12.3) 2/23 (8.7) 162/1318 (12.3) 1/15 (6.7) 161/1317 (12.2) 2/16 (12.5) 163/1331 (12.2) 0/2 (0) Signs Throat congestion 21/1264 (1.7) 0/22 (0) 20/1271 (1.6) 1/15 (6.7) 21/1271 (1.7) 0/15 (0) 20/1284 (1.6) 1/2 (50) Tonsil swelling 30/1353 (2.2) 1/23 (4.3) 30/1359 (2.2) 1/17 (5.9) 30/1356 (2.2) 1/20 (5) 31/1373 (2.3) 0/3 (0) Enlargement of lymph nodes 2/1352 (0.1) 0/23 (0) 2/1359 (0.1) 0/16 (0) 2/1355 (0.1) 0/20 (0) 2/1372 (0.1) 0/3 (0) Rash 3/1355 (0.2) 0/23 (0) 3/1361 (0.2) 0/17 (0) 3/1360 (0.2) 0/18 (0) 3/1376 (0.2) 0/2 (0) Unconsciousness 19/1397 (1.4) 1/24 (4.2) 20/1404 (1.4) 0/17 (0) 20/1401 (1.4) 0/20 (0) 20/1418 (1.4) 0/3 (0) Abnormal chest image Radiograph 240/1562 (15.4) 3/28 (10.7) 239/1572 (15.2) 4/18 (22.2) 240/1569 (15.3) 3/21 (14.3) 243/1587 (15.3) 0/3 (0) Computed tomography 1111/1562 (71.1) 19/28 (67.9) 1113/1572 (70.8) 17/18 (94.4) 1116/1569 (71.1) 14/21 (66.7) 1127/1587 (71) 3/3 (100) Hubei Yes 638/1562 (40.8) 9/28 (32.1) 635/1572 (40.4) 12/18 (66.7) 631/1569 (40.2) 16/21 (76.2) 645/1587 (40.6) 2/3 (66.7) No 924/1562 (59.2) 19/28 (67.9) 937/1572 (59.6) 6/18 (33.3) 938/1569 (59.8) 5/21 (23.8) 942/1587 (59.4) 1/3 (33.3) Wuhan-contacted Yes 1312/1562 (84) 22/28 (78.6) 1316/1572 (83.7) 18/18 (100) 1316/1569 (83.9) 18/21 (85.7) 1331/1587 (83.9) 3/3 (100) No 250/1562 (16) 6/28 (21.4) 256/1572 (16.3) 0/18 (0) 253/1569 (16.1) 3/21 (14.3) 256/1587 (16.1) 0/3 (0) Severity 245/1562 (15.7) 9/28 (32.1) 245/1572 (15.6) 9/18 (50) 246/1569 (15.7) 8/21 (38.1) 253/1587 (15.9) 1/3 (33.3) Composite endpoint 128/1562 (8.2) 3/28 (10.7) 124/1572 (7.9) 7/18 (38.9) 125/1569 (8) 6/21 (28.6) 130/1587 (8.2) 1/3 (33.3) Deaths 49/1562 (3.1) 1/28 (3.6) 47/1572 (3.0) 3/18 (16.7) 45/1569 (2.9) 5/21 (23.8) 50/1587 (3.2) 0/3 (0) Admission to ICU 98/1562 (6.3) 1/28 (3.6) 94/1572 (6.0) 5/18 (27.8) 98/1569 (6.2) 1/21 (4.8) 98/1587 (6.2) 1/3 (33.3) Invasive ventilation 48/1562 (3.1) 2/28 (7.1) 48/1562 (3.1) 2/18 (11.1) 49/1569 (3.1) 1/21 (4.8) 50/1587 (3.2) 0/3 (0) Data are mean±standard deviation, n/N (%), where N is the total number of patients with available data.
COPD: chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; ICU: intensive care unit.
Vol 57 Issue 2
Table of Contents
Comorbidity and its impact on 1590 patients with Covid-19 in China: A Nationwide Analysis
