Patients n | 26 | 346 | | |
Demographic |
Age years mean±sd | 48.7±17.1 | 44.7±16.7 | 0.19 |
Age ≥50 years | 15 (57.7) | 123 (35.5) | 0.024 |
Men | 13 (50.0) | 196 (56.6) | 0.51 |
Current smokers | 8 (32.0) | 132 (38.5) | 0.52 |
Current alcohol consumer | 4 (16.0) | 44 (12.9) | 0.66 |
Previous antibiotic | 2 (8.3) | 87 (26.1) | 0.052 |
Influenza vaccine | 5 (21.7) | 51 (16.1) | 0.49 |
Pneumococcal vaccine | 0 (0) | 20 (6.3) | 0.21 |
Inhaled corticosteroid | 1 (3.8) | 10 (2.9) | 0.79 |
Systemic corticosteroid | 1 (4.3) | 1 (0.3) | 0.13 |
Symptoms |
Cough | 21 (80.8) | 268 (78.4) | 0.77 |
Fever | 26 (96.2) | 322 (94.4) | 0.71 |
Purulent sputum | 14 (53.8) | 180 (53.1) | 0.94 |
Pleuritic pain | 19 (73.1) | 177 (52.1) | 0.038 |
Dyspnoea | 5 (19.2) | 105 (30.7) | 0.22 |
Altered mental status | 0 (0) | 6 (1.7) | 0.50 |
Comorbidities# | 5 (19.2) | 102 (29.5) | 0.27 |
Chronic respiratory disease | 1 (3.8) | 60 (17.6) | 0.069 |
Chronic cardiovascular disease | 0 (0) | 8 (2.3) | 0.43 |
Diabetes mellitus | 2 (7.7) | 18 (5.2) | 0.59 |
Neurological disease | 1 (3.8) | 20 (5.9) | 0.66 |
Chronic renal disease | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | |
Chronic liver disease | 1 (3.8) | 8 (2.3) | 0.63 |
Nursing-home | 0 (0) | 3 (0.9) | >0.99 |
Laboratory tests median (IQR) |
Creatinine mg·mL−1 | 0.9 (0.8–1.1) | 1 (0.8–1.2) | 0.36 |
C-reactive protein mg·dL−1 | 24.2 (15.4–29) | 13.4 (6.8–21.3) | 0.001 |
White blood cell count ×109 per L | 16.7 (12.7–23.5) | 11.5 (7.8–15.7) | 0.001 |
CURB-65 risk class 0–1 | 22 (91.7) | 301 (94.1) | 0.64 |
PSI risk class I–II | 23 (88.4) | 301 (87.0) | 0.83 |
Pulmonary complications | 2 (8.0) | 32 (9.4) | 0.82 |
Acute renal failure | 1 (4.0) | 11 (3.3) | 0.86 |
Readmission | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | | |
30-day mortality | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | | |
Appropriate empiric treatment | 26 (100) | 346 (100) | | |
| Univariate | Multivariate¶ |
| OR (95% CI) | p-value | OR (95% CI) | p-value |
Age ≥50 years | 2.47 (1.10–5.55) | 0.028 | 3.16 (1.19–8.42) | 0.021 |
Previous antibiotic | 0.26 (0.06–1.12) | 0.070 | | |
Pleuritic pain | 2.50 (1.02–6.10) | 0.044 | 4.06 (1.39–11.89) | 0.010 |
C-reactive protein ≥22.945 mg·dL−1+ | 8.81 (342–22.70) | <0.001 | 10.08 (3.74–27.20) | <0.001 |
White blood cell count ≥10×109 per L | 2.28 (0.89–5.86) | 0.087 | | |