Extract
Tobacco use, infection with HIV and active tuberculosis (TB) are important public health problems worldwide. Smoking affects susceptibility to TB, with an increased risk of infection, TB disease and TB death. An estimated 1.1 million of the 8.6 million people who developed TB in 2012 were HIV-positive. It has been estimated that smoking could cause 18 million excess cases of TB and 40 million excess deaths between 2010 and 2050, but little is known about the effect of smoking on the outcomes of people receiving care for both HIV and TB.
- Received June 24, 2014.
- Accepted October 22, 2014.
- Copyright ©ERS 2014