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Chronic burden of near-roadway traffic pollution in 10 European cities (APHEKOM network)

Laura Perez, Christophe Declercq, Carmen Iñiguez, Inmaculada Aguilera, Chiara Badaloni, Ferran Ballester, Catherine Bouland, Olivier Chanel, FB Cirarda, Francesco Forastiere, Bertil Forsberg, Daniela Haluza, Britta Hedlund, Koldo Cambra, Marina Lacasaña, Hanns Moshammer, Peter Otorepec, Miguel Rodríguez-Barranco, Sylvia Medina, Nino Künzli
European Respiratory Journal 2013; DOI: 10.1183/09031936.00031112
Laura Perez
*Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Basel, Switzerland
#University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
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  • For correspondence: l.perez@unibas.ch
Christophe Declercq
¶Institut de Veille Sanitaire, France
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Carmen Iñiguez
+University of Valencia. Center for Public Health Research (CSISP), Valencia
§Spanish Consortium for Research on Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP)
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Inmaculada Aguilera
§Spanish Consortium for Research on Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP)
fCentre for Research in Environmental Epidemiology (CREAL), Hospital del Mar Research Institute (IMIM), Barcelona
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Chiara Badaloni
##Dept of Epidemiology, Lazio Regional Health Service, Via S. Costanza 53, 00198 Rome, Italy
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Ferran Ballester
+University of Valencia. Center for Public Health Research (CSISP), Valencia
§Spanish Consortium for Research on Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP)
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Catherine Bouland
**Brussels Institute for the Management of the Environment, Brussels-Capital Region, Belgium; School of Public Health, Université Libre de Bruxelles – ULB, Belgium
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Olivier Chanel
¶¶-Aix Marseille University (Aix-Marseille School of Economics), CNRS&EHESS, France
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FB Cirarda
++Dirección Territorial de Sanidad de Bizkaia. Bilbao. Basque Country. Spain
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Francesco Forastiere
##Dept of Epidemiology, Lazio Regional Health Service, Via S. Costanza 53, 00198 Rome, Italy
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Bertil Forsberg
§§Occupational and Environmental Medicine. Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
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Daniela Haluza
ffMedical University of Vienna, Austria, Institute of Environmental Health, Center for Public HealthVienna. Austria
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Britta Hedlund
***Swedish Protection Agency, Stockholm, Sweden
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Koldo Cambra
###Centro de Investigación Biomédica. Pamplona. Spain
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Marina Lacasaña
§Spanish Consortium for Research on Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP)
¶¶¶Escuela Andaluza de Salud Pública (EASP)
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Hanns Moshammer
ffMedical University of Vienna, Austria, Institute of Environmental Health, Center for Public HealthVienna. Austria
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Peter Otorepec
+++National Institute of Public Health, Ljubljana, Slovenia
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Miguel Rodríguez-Barranco
¶¶¶Escuela Andaluza de Salud Pública (EASP)
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Sylvia Medina
¶Institut de Veille Sanitaire, France
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Nino Künzli
*Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Basel, Switzerland
#University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
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Abstract

Recent epidemiological research suggests that near road traffic-related pollution may cause chronic disease, as well as exacerbate related pathologies, implying that the entire “chronic disease progression” should be attributed to air pollution, no matter what the proximate cause was. We estimated the burden of childhood asthma attributable to air pollution in 10 European cities by calculating the number of cases of 1) asthma caused by near road traffic-related pollution, and 2) acute asthma events related to urban air pollution levels. We then expanded our approach to include coronary heart diseases in adults.

Derivation of attributable cases required combining concentration-response function (CRF) between exposures and the respective health outcome of interest (obtained from published literature), an estimate of the distribution of selected exposures in the target population, and information about the frequency of the assessed morbidities.

Exposure to roads with high vehicle traffic, a proxy for near road traffic-related pollution, accounted for 14% of all asthma cases. When a causal relationship between near road traffic-related pollution and asthma is assumed, 15% of all episodes of asthma symptoms were attributable to air pollution. Without this assumption, only 2% of asthma symptoms were attributable to air pollution. Similar patterns were found for coronary heart diseases in older adults.

Pollutants along busy roads are responsible for a large and preventable share of chronic disease and related acute exacerbation in European urban areas.

  • Air pollution
  • childhood asthma
  • coronary heart disease
  • exacerbations
  • health impact assessment
  • traffic proximity
  • ERS
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Chronic burden of near-roadway traffic pollution in 10 European cities (APHEKOM network)
Laura Perez, Christophe Declercq, Carmen Iñiguez, Inmaculada Aguilera, Chiara Badaloni, Ferran Ballester, Catherine Bouland, Olivier Chanel, FB Cirarda, Francesco Forastiere, Bertil Forsberg, Daniela Haluza, Britta Hedlund, Koldo Cambra, Marina Lacasaña, Hanns Moshammer, Peter Otorepec, Miguel Rodríguez-Barranco, Sylvia Medina, Nino Künzli
European Respiratory Journal Jan 2013, erj00311-2012; DOI: 10.1183/09031936.00031112

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Chronic burden of near-roadway traffic pollution in 10 European cities (APHEKOM network)
Laura Perez, Christophe Declercq, Carmen Iñiguez, Inmaculada Aguilera, Chiara Badaloni, Ferran Ballester, Catherine Bouland, Olivier Chanel, FB Cirarda, Francesco Forastiere, Bertil Forsberg, Daniela Haluza, Britta Hedlund, Koldo Cambra, Marina Lacasaña, Hanns Moshammer, Peter Otorepec, Miguel Rodríguez-Barranco, Sylvia Medina, Nino Künzli
European Respiratory Journal Jan 2013, erj00311-2012; DOI: 10.1183/09031936.00031112
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