Abstract
Background: T2low asthma is associated with poor response to corticosteroids and available biological agents, leaving T2low patients without effective treatment options. Information on endotype stability is scarce. This study aimed to define T2low asthma in real world data, to assess endotype stability over time, and to determine exacerbation rates.
Methods: Baseline data were gathered from all patients with asthma diagnosis at the pulmonary department of Turku University Hospital, Finland during 2012-2018 (N = 9612). Follow-up data were assessed until 2021. Uncontrolled asthma was defined by asthma control test score < 20, or ≥ 1 emergency/acute visits or hospitalization due to asthma. T2low endotype was defined by blood eosinophils consistently below 300 cells/µl (EOS) and fractional exhaled nitric oxide (FeNO) below 25 ppb during baseline. T2-endotype stability and exacerbations were evaluated during follow-up.
Results: Baseline data on EOS and FeNO were available from 478 patients, of them 179 (37.4%) were T2low. Of T2low patients, 82% were women, median age was 49 years (IQR 39 – 60) and 65% had uncontrolled asthma. Follow-up data on EOS or FeNO were available for 100 T2low patients; the T2low endotype was stable in 82% of T2low and in 77% of uncontrolled T2low patients. The event rate for exacerbations requiring hospitalization or emergency room visits during follow-up was 6.6 per 100 patient years (95% CI 2.9 – 11.6) in T2low, 9.2 (95% CI 3.7 – 16.8) in uncontrolled T2low and 4.7 (95% CI 3.1 – 6.6) in non-T2low group (p = 0.47).
Conclusions: The EOS/FeNO T2low endotype seems stable over time and was associated with a similar long-term exacerbation risk requiring hospital care as in non-T2low asthma.
Footnotes
Cite this article as Eur Respir J 2022; 60: Suppl. 66, 4342.
This article was presented at the 2022 ERS International Congress, in session “-”.
This is an ERS International Congress abstract. No full-text version is available. Further material to accompany this abstract may be available at www.ers-education.org (ERS member access only).
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