Patient characteristics | | | | |
Age, years | 63.6±5.5 | 61.3±5.0 | 62.8±5.8 | 57.5±5.9 |
Female | 223 (27.9) | 9286 (41.6) | 8 (24.2) | 717 (31.8) |
Race or ethnicity | | | | |
White | 714 (89.3) | 19 963 (89.5) | 33 (100) | 2250 (99.8) |
Black | 51 (6.4) | 1000 (4.5) | 0 | 0 |
Asian | 6 (0.8) | 542 (2.4) | 0 | 2 (0.1) |
Hispanic | 7 (0.9) | 335 (1.5) | 0 | 1 (0.0) |
Mixed or other | 22 (2.8) | 456 (2.0) | 0 | 1 (0.0) |
Educational level, 0–5# | 3.6±1.7 | 3.7±1.6 | 1.7±1.5ƒ | 1.4±1.4ƒ |
BMI, kg·m−2 | 27.1 (24.0–30.9) | 27.2 (24.4–30.5) | 26.1 (22.4–30.5) | 25.7 (23.5–28.4) |
Current smoker | 455 (56.9) | 10 564 (47.4) | 22 (66.7) | 1544 (68.5) |
Smoking intensity, pack-years | 54 (43–76) | 48 (39–66) | 45 (34–59) | 39 (32–51) |
Smoking duration, years | 43.2±7.4 | 39.7±7.3 | 43.1±7.1 | 38.1±6.7 |
Smoking quit time, years¶ | 7 (3–12) | 8 (4–12) | 4 (2–6) | 5 (3–8) |
LC in family+ | | | | |
1 | 141 (17.6) | 4088 (18.3) | 3 (9.1) | 550 (24.4) |
≥2 | 30 (3.8) | 712 (3.2) | NA | NA |
Work asbestos | 58 (7.3) | 1017 (4.6) | 2 (6.1) | 195 (8.7) |
COPD diagnosis§ | 217 (27.1) | 3943 (17.7) | 6 (18.2) | 266 (11.8) |
Asthma diagnosis | 102 (12.8) | 2158 (9.7) | 3 (9.1) | 143 (6.3) |
Diabetes diagnosis | 145 (18.1) | 2062 (9.2) | 4 (12.1) | 132 (5.9) |
Heart disease diagnosis | 195 (24.4) | 2707 (12.1) | 4 (12.1) | 277 (12.3) |
Hypertension diagnosis | 363 (45.4) | 7665 (34.4) | 14 (42.4) | 619 (27.5) |
Stroke diagnosis | 58 (7.3) | 565 (2.5) | 2 (6.1) | 20 (0.9) |
Nodule CT features | | | | |
Nodule attenuation | | | | |
No nodule | 600 (75.0) | 16 296 (73.1) | 18 (54.5) | 980 (43.5) |
Solid | 152 (19.0) | 4636 (20.8) | 11 (33.3) | 1004 (44.5) |
Part solid | 14 (1.8) | 359 (1.6) | 0 | 61 (2.7) |
Nonsolid | 34 (4.3) | 1005 (4.5) | 4 (12.1) | 209 (9.3) |
Longest diameter, mm¶ | 7 (5–11) | 6 (5–9) | 4.6 (3.7–8.5) | 4.9 (3.5–7.4) |
Perpendicular diameter, mm¶ | 5 (4–8) | 5 (4–7) | 3.5 (3.0–5.1) | 3.9 (2.8–5.8) |
Nodule in upper lobe¶ | 88 (41.7) | 2496 (39.1) | 7 (21.2) | 370 (16.4) |
Nodule spiculation¶ | 30 (14.2) | 789 (12.4) | NA | NA |
Nodule count¶ | 1 (1–2) | 1 (1–2) | 1 (1–2) | 1 (1–2) |
Quantitative CT measures of CVD | | | | |
Coronary calcium volume, mm3 | 188 (36–788) | 48 (2–267) | 114 (21–466) | 23 (0–154) |
Coronary mean calcium density, HU | 226 (190–264) | 207 (141–251) | 286 (227–314) | 255 (0–311) |
Transthoracic aorta calcium volume, mm3 | 1134 (314–2894) | 403 (89–1282) | 948 (200–2992) | 200 (45–694) |
Transthoracic aorta mean calcium density, HU | 326 (277–377) | 311 (251–378) | 418 (375–451) | 434 (363–523) |
Mitral valve calcium volume, mm3 | 0 (0–18) | 0 (0–0) | 0 (0–2) | 0 (0–0) |
Mitral valve mean calcium density, HU | 0 (0–206) | 0 (0–0) | 0 (0–203) | 0 (0–0) |
Aortic valve calcium volume, mm3 | 0 (0–20) | 0 (0–0) | 0 (0–33) | 0 (0–0) |
Aortic valve mean calcium density, HU | 0 (0–181) | 0 (0–0) | 0 (0–241) | 0 (0–0) |
Quantitative CT measures of COPD | | | | |
Total lung volume, L | 5.6 (4.7–6.7) | 5.4 (4.5–6.4) | 6.2 (5.2–6.9) | 5.9 (5.1–6.8) |
Mean lung density, HU | −834 (−857– −808) | −839 (−858– −815) | −845 (−872– −834) | −846 (−861– −828) |
Emphysema score | 0.39 (0.08–1.77) | 0.24 (0.05–1.12) | 0.08 (0.00–1.22) | 0.03 (0.00–0.17) |
Pi10 | 3.0 (2.5–3.6) | 2.8 (2.3–3.3) | 2.5 (2.2–3.0) | 2.4 (2.2–2.6) |