Abstract
Background Around 8–10% of individuals over 50 years of age present interstitial lung abnormalities (ILAs), but their risk factors are uncertain.
Methods From 817 individuals recruited in our lung ageing programme at the Mexican National Institute of Respiratory Diseases, 80 (9.7%) showed ILAs and were compared with 564 individuals of the same cohort with normal high-resolution computed tomography to evaluate demographic and functional differences, and with 80 individuals randomly selected from the same cohort for biomarkers. We evaluated MUC5B variant rs35705950, telomere length, and serum levels of matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-1, MMP-2, MMP-3, MMP-7, MMP-8, MMP-9, MMP-12, MMP-13, interleukin (IL)-6, surfactant protein (SP)-D, α-Klotho and resistin.
Results Individuals with ILAs were usually males (p<0.005), older than controls (p<0.0001), smokers (p=0.01), with a greater frequency of MUC5B rs35705950 (OR 3.5, 95% CI 1.3–9.4; p=0.01), and reduced diffusing capacity of the lung for carbon monoxide and oxygen saturation. Resistin, IL-6, SP-D, MMP-1, MMP-7 and MMP-13 were significantly increased in individuals with ILAs. Resistin (12±5 versus 9±4 ng·mL−1; p=0.0005) and MMP-13 (357±143 versus 298±116 pg·mL−1; p=0.004) were the most increased biomarkers. On follow-up (24±18 months), 18 individuals showed progression which was associated with gastro-oesophageal reflux disease (OR 4.1, 95% CI 1.2–12.9; p=0.02) and in females with diabetes mellitus (OR 5.3, 95% CI 1.0–27.4; p=0.01).
Conclusions Around 10% of respiratory asymptomatic individuals enrolled in our lung ageing programme show ILAs. Increased serum concentrations of pro-inflammatory molecules and MMPs are associated with ILAs.
Abstract
Some individuals older than 50 years may present interstitial lung abnormalities which are associated with a greater risk of all-cause mortality. This study provides demographic and molecular factors which may help to identify individuals at higher risk. https://bit.ly/2Lc4y88
Footnotes
Author contributions: Designed the study: I. Buendía-Roldán and M. Selman. Data collection: A.K.S. Pruneda, K. Martinez-Espinosa and A. Alarcon-Dionet. Methodology: L. Chavez-Galan, R. Fernandez and I. Buendía-Roldán. Sample processing: G. Ramirez-Martinez, E. Montes, I. Herrera, C. Becerril, M. Preciado and L. Chavez-Galan. Review of clinical studies and provided input on clinical implications: I. Buendía-Roldán, M. Mejía, F. Juarez, A. Pardo and M. Selman. Administered the follow-up and analysed the data: A.K.S. Pruneda, A. Alarcon-Dionet, R. Fernandez, I. Buendía-Roldán, A. Pardo and M. Selman. Writing original draft: M. Selman. Manuscript review and editing: I. Buendía-Roldán, A. Pardo and M. Selman.
This article has supplementary material available from erj.ersjournals.com
Conflict of interest: I. Buendía-Roldán has nothing to disclose.
Conflict of interest: R. Fernandez has nothing to disclose.
Conflict of interest: M. Mejía has nothing to disclose.
Conflict of interest: F. Juarez has nothing to disclose.
Conflict of interest: G. Ramirez-Martinez has nothing to disclose.
Conflict of interest: E. Montes has nothing to disclose.
Conflict of interest: A.K.S. Pruneda has nothing to disclose.
Conflict of interest: K. Martinez-Espinosa has nothing to disclose.
Conflict of interest: A. Alarcon-Dionet has nothing to disclose.
Conflict of interest: I. Herrera has nothing to disclose.
Conflict of interest: C. Becerril has nothing to disclose.
Conflict of interest: L. Chavez-Galan has nothing to disclose.
Conflict of interest: M. Preciado has nothing to disclose.
Conflict of interest: A. Pardo has nothing to disclose.
Conflict of interest: M. Selman has nothing to disclose.
Support statement: This study was supported by Secretaría de Educación, Ciencia, Tecnología e Innovación de la Ciudad de Mexico grant SECITI/115/2017, and by CONACYT grant FOSISS 290645. Funding information for this article has been deposited with the Crossref Funder Registry.
- Received August 2, 2020.
- Accepted December 22, 2020.
- Copyright ©The authors 2021. For reproduction rights and permissions contact permissions{at}ersnet.org
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