Contribution of manganese superoxide dismutase Ala16Val to the development of chronic respiratory pathology in children after bronchopulmonary dysplasia

Abstract

Introduction: Currently, there are no highly specific criteria ascertaining any clinical outcomes of respiratory pathology in preterm infants.

Objective: To compare the polymorphism of manganese superoxide dismutase (MnSOD) with bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) outcomes.

Methods: 60 children with BPD (a main group) and 60 children with respiratory distress syndrome (RDS; a comparison group) aged 3 to 16 years were examined. Anamnesis data, the results of physical examination, spirometry, computed tomography (CT) and molecular genetic study (MnSOD 16Ala/Val polymorphism) were assessed.

Results: The development of chronic lung diseases was significantly more often observed after BPD (Fisher's test, p=0.002). Recurrent bronchitis (27.0%) and bronchial asthma (17.0%) were the most frequent adverse outcomes. According to spirometry, mild obstructive ventilation disorders were recorded in both groups. According to the CT data, pathological changes were predominately registered in children of a main group as an inequality of pulmonary tissue pneumatization (Fisher's test, p=0.020). The analysis of the genetic study results showed that children in a main group with the MnSOD Ala16Val genotype had a higher risk ratio of adverse respiratory outcomes (recurrent bronchitis mainly) up to 2.4 times (Pearson Chi-square with Yates correction=6.4, p=0.012).

Conclusion: Outcomes in children at older age were associated with having a disease in the neonatal period (BPD or RDS). An important diagnostic finding is a high risk of respiratory pathology in children with BPD and MnSOD Ala16Val genotype.

The study was funded by the RFBR, project 18-015-00219А.