Effects of game based approach in patients with primary ciliary dyskinesia: a randomized controlled trial

Abstract

Background: Pulmonary function and exercise capacity are affected in patients with primary ciliary dyskinesia (PCD). We aimed to investigate the effects of game based approach (GBA) program on pulmonary function, exercise capacity, respiratory and peripheral muscles, and functional status in patients with PCD.

Method: Thirty-two PCD patients were included into the study. Patients were randomly assigned the GBA group (n=16) or the control group (n=16). The GBA group underwent GBA using Xbox Kinect 360 device for 40 min/day, three days/week for eight weeks plus airway clearance therapy (ACT), and the control group applied ACT only. Pulmonary function was recorded. Respiratory muscle strength (maximal inspiratory pressure [MIP] and maximal expiratory pressure [MEP]) was evaluated using a mouth pressure device. Peripheral muscle strength (knee extensors and shoulder abductors) was assessed using hand-held dynamometer. Exercise capacity was evaluated using six-minute walk test (6MWT), and functional status was assessed using the Glittre activities of daily living (ADL) test before and after eight weeks.

Results: GBA resulted in significant improvements in pulmonary function, MIP, MEP, knee extensor and shoulder abductor strength, 6MWT distance, and functional status in the GBA group (p<0.05). There was no significant difference in measured parameters after during the study period in the control group (p>0.05).

Conclusion: GBA has positive effects on the pulmonary function, respiratory and peripheral muscles, exercise capacity, and functional status in patients with PCD. GBA can be added to the pulmonary rehabilitation program as an exercise training modality in patients with PCD.