Subjects n | 1257 |
Maternal characteristics# | |
Age at delivery years | 30.9±0.1 |
Pre-pregnancy BMI kg·m−2 | 22.6 (20.8–25.2) |
History of allergy-related disease¶ | 335 (26.7) |
Smoking during pregnancy | |
Never smoker | 573 (46.2) |
Smoking before pregnancy | 458 (37.0) |
Smoking during pregnancy | 208 (16.8) |
Educational level | |
Primary or less | 263 (21.2) |
Secondary | 515 (41.4) |
University | 465 (37.4) |
Child characteristics+ | |
Female sex | 622 (49.5) |
Birth weight g | 3258±458 |
Low birth weight (<2500 g) | 65 (5.2) |
Gestational age weeks | 39.9 (38.9–40.7) |
Preterm birth (<37 weeks) | 48 (3.8) |
Duration of any breastfeeding weeks | 25.9 (10.7–43.4) |
Lower respiratory tract infections during the first year | 438 (35.4) |
Age at 7 years | 7.5 (7.0–7.8) |
Height at 7 years cm | 124.7 (6.3) |
Asthma at 7 years§ | 115 (9.2) |
BMI trajectories from birth to 4 years | |
Higher birth size and accelerated BMI gain | 137 (10.9) |
Lower birth size and accelerated BMI gain | 145 (11.6) |
Higher birth size and slower BMI gain | 332 (26.4) |
Average birth size and slower BMI gain (Reference) | 483 (38.4) |
Lower birth size and slower BMI gain | 160 (12.7) |
Lung function at 7 yearsf | |
FVC % pred | 101.8 (12.0) |
FEV1 % pred | 104.8 (11.9) |
FEV1/FVC % pred | 96.7 (7.5) |
FEF25–75% % pred | 95.1 (23.8) |