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ACE-2 expression in the small airway epithelia of smokers and COPD patients: implications for COVID-19

Janice M. Leung, Chen X. Yang, Anthony Tam, Tawimas Shaipanich, Tillie-Louise Hackett, Gurpreet K. Singhera, Delbert R. Dorscheid, Don D. Sin
European Respiratory Journal 2020 55: 2000688; DOI: 10.1183/13993003.00688-2020
Janice M. Leung
1University of British Columbia (UBC) Centre for Heart Lung Innovation, Vancouver, BC, Canada
2Dept of Medicine (Division of Respirology), University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
3St Paul's Hospital, Providence Health Care, Vancouver, BC, Canada
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Chen X. Yang
1University of British Columbia (UBC) Centre for Heart Lung Innovation, Vancouver, BC, Canada
2Dept of Medicine (Division of Respirology), University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
3St Paul's Hospital, Providence Health Care, Vancouver, BC, Canada
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Anthony Tam
1University of British Columbia (UBC) Centre for Heart Lung Innovation, Vancouver, BC, Canada
2Dept of Medicine (Division of Respirology), University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
3St Paul's Hospital, Providence Health Care, Vancouver, BC, Canada
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Tawimas Shaipanich
2Dept of Medicine (Division of Respirology), University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
3St Paul's Hospital, Providence Health Care, Vancouver, BC, Canada
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Tillie-Louise Hackett
2Dept of Medicine (Division of Respirology), University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
3St Paul's Hospital, Providence Health Care, Vancouver, BC, Canada
4Dept of Anesthesia, Pharmacology and Therapeutics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
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Gurpreet K. Singhera
1University of British Columbia (UBC) Centre for Heart Lung Innovation, Vancouver, BC, Canada
2Dept of Medicine (Division of Respirology), University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
3St Paul's Hospital, Providence Health Care, Vancouver, BC, Canada
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Delbert R. Dorscheid
1University of British Columbia (UBC) Centre for Heart Lung Innovation, Vancouver, BC, Canada
2Dept of Medicine (Division of Respirology), University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
3St Paul's Hospital, Providence Health Care, Vancouver, BC, Canada
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Don D. Sin
1University of British Columbia (UBC) Centre for Heart Lung Innovation, Vancouver, BC, Canada
2Dept of Medicine (Division of Respirology), University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
3St Paul's Hospital, Providence Health Care, Vancouver, BC, Canada
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  • For correspondence: don.sin@hli.ubc.ca
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    FIGURE 1

    a) A violin plot of angiotensin-converting enzyme II (ACE-2) expression the in small airways of COPD and non-COPD subjects in the St Paul's Hospital (Vancouver, BC, Canada) cohort. The red box indicates the median and interquartile range. The p-value was obtained using a robust linear model. b) A scatterplot of ACE-2 expression in the small airways according to forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1) % predicted in the St Paul's Hospital cohort. ACE-2 gene expression in airway epithelia is inversely related to FEV1 % pred (p=0.0348). c) A violin plot of ACE-2 expression in the small airways of never-, former and current smokers in the St Paul's Hospital cohort. The red box indicates the median and the interquartile range. The p-value was obtained using a robust linear model. d) Protein staining of ACE-2 in the airways of individuals with and without COPD. A human kidney slide was the positive control for ACE-2. The specificity of the antibody against ACE-2 was determined using an immunoblot assay with HEK2 cell lysates as a positive control. The expected molecular weight of ACE-2 is 90–100 kDa. In the airways, most of the protein expression was noted in the epithelial layer, and most pronounced in those with COPD. CPM: counts per million; NHBE: normal human bronchial epithelial cells.

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ACE-2 expression in the small airway epithelia of smokers and COPD patients: implications for COVID-19
Janice M. Leung, Chen X. Yang, Anthony Tam, Tawimas Shaipanich, Tillie-Louise Hackett, Gurpreet K. Singhera, Delbert R. Dorscheid, Don D. Sin
European Respiratory Journal May 2020, 55 (5) 2000688; DOI: 10.1183/13993003.00688-2020

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ACE-2 expression in the small airway epithelia of smokers and COPD patients: implications for COVID-19
Janice M. Leung, Chen X. Yang, Anthony Tam, Tawimas Shaipanich, Tillie-Louise Hackett, Gurpreet K. Singhera, Delbert R. Dorscheid, Don D. Sin
European Respiratory Journal May 2020, 55 (5) 2000688; DOI: 10.1183/13993003.00688-2020
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