Extract
Air pollution has been with humankind throughout evolution (e.g. volcanoes, forest fires), but it rapidly accelerated with the industrial revolution. Although the history of London's suffocating fogs began in the 18th century with coal power, it was the acute London fog episode of December 1952, and similar crises, that galvanised public health officials to begin to address the problem. The tremendous growth of automobiles reliant on internal combustion engines during the latter half of the 20th century ultimately led to current concerns with traffic-related air pollution (TRAP), causing researchers to seek a better understanding of air pollution health effects [1, 2].
Abstract
There are many challenges in interpretation of novel assays for health effects in human challenge studies https://bit.ly/3bdF5me
Footnotes
Support statement: Supported by National Institutes of Health grants: ES005022, ES004738, AR055073 and TR0030117, and US EPA R832144.
Conflict of interest: H.M. Kipen has nothing to disclose.
Conflict of interest: D.L. Laskin has nothing to disclose.
- Received February 12, 2020.
- Accepted March 13, 2020.
- Copyright ©ERS 2020