Abstract
There are limited data on combining delamanid and bedaquiline in drug-resistant tuberculosis (DR-TB) regimens. Prospective long-term outcome data, including in HIV-infected persons, are unavailable.
We prospectively followed up 122 South African patients (52.5% HIV-infected) with DR-TB and poor prognostic features between 2014 and 2018. We examined outcomes and safety in those who received a bedaquiline-based regimen (n=82) compared to those who received a bedaquiline–delamanid combination regimen (n=40).
There was no significant difference in 6-month culture conversion (92.5% versus 81.8%; p=0.26) and 18-month favourable outcome rate (63.4% versus 67.5%; p=0.66) in the bedaquiline versus the bedaquiline–delamanid combination group, despite the latter having more advanced drug resistance (3.7% versus 22.5% resistant to at least five drugs; p=0.001) and higher pre-treatment failure rates (12.2% versus 52.5% with pre-treatment multidrug-resistant TB therapy failure; p<0.001). Although the proportion of prolongation of the QT interval corrected using Fridericia's formula was higher in the combination group (>60 ms from baseline (p=0.001) or >450 ms during treatment (p=0.001)), there were no symptomatic cases or drug withdrawals in either group. Results were similar in HIV-infected patients.
A bedaquiline–delamanid combination regimen showed comparable long-term safety compared to a bedaquiline-based regimen in patients with DR-TB, irrespective of HIV status. These data inform regimen selection in patients with DR-TB from TB-endemic settings.
Abstract
A bedaquiline–delamanid combination regimen in drug-resistant tuberculosis patients with poor prognostic factors showed comparable efficacy and safety to those in a bedaquiline-based regimen http://bit.ly/32j7Fyo
Footnotes
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Conflict of interest: O. Olayanju has no conflict of interest to declare.
Conflict of interest: A. Esmail has no conflict of interest to declare.
Conflict of interest: J. Limberis has no conflict of interest to declare.
Conflict of interest: K. Dheda has no conflict of interest to declare.
Support statement: This work was funded by South African Medical Research Council (grant: RFA-EMU-02-2017) and European and Developing Countries Clinical Trials Partnership (grant: TMA-2015SF-1043 and TMA-1051-TESAII).Funding information for this article has been deposited with the Crossref Funder Registry.
- Received June 16, 2019.
- Accepted October 9, 2019.
- Copyright ©ERS 2020