Abstract
Health status is increasingly used in clinical practice to quantify symptom burden and as a clinical trial end-point in patients with interstitial lung disease (ILD). The King's Brief Interstitial Lung Disease (KBILD) questionnaire is a brief, validated 15-item, disease-specific, health-related quality of life questionnaire that is increasingly used in clinical trials, but little data exist regarding the minimum clinically important difference (MCID). Using pulmonary rehabilitation as a model, we aimed to determine the responsiveness of KBILD and provide estimates of the MCID.
KBILD scores, Chronic Respiratory Questionnaire (CRQ) scores, Medical Research Council (MRC) Dyspnoea score and incremental shuttle walk test (ISWT) distance were measured in 209 patients with ILD (105 with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF)) before and after an outpatient pulmonary rehabilitation programme. Changes with intervention and Cohen's effect size were calculated. Anchor-based (linear regression and receiver operating characteristic plots) or distribution-based approaches (0.5 sd and standard error of measurement) were used to estimate the MCID of KBILD domain and total scores.
KBILD, CRQ, MRC Dyspnoea and ISWT improved with intervention, and the effect sizes of KBILD domain and total scores ranged from 0.28 to 0.38. Using anchor-based estimates, the MCID estimates for KBILD-Psychological, KBILD-Breathlessness and activities, and KBILD-Total were 5.4, 4.4 and 3.9 points, respectively. Using distribution-based methods, the MCID estimate for KBILD-Chest symptoms was 9.8 points. The MCID estimates for KBILD in IPF patients were similar.
In patients with ILD and IPF, KBILD is responsive to intervention with an estimated MCID of 3.9 points for the total score.
Abstract
The King's Brief Interstitial Lung Disease (KBILD) questionnaire is responsive to pulmonary rehabilitation in patients with ILD, including those with IPF, with a mean minimum clinically important difference of 3.9 points for KBILD-Total score http://bit.ly/2HXxBIe
Footnotes
This article has supplementary material available from erj.ersjournals.com
Author contributions: Concept and design of study: W.D-C. Man, M. Maddocks, T.M. Maher and C.M. Nolan. Acquisition of data: C.M. Nolan, S.E. Jones, S. Patel and R.E. Barker. Analysis of data: C.M. Nolan, M. Maddocks and W.D-C. Man. Drafting of manuscript: C.M. Nolan, M. Maddocks, S.S. Birring, T.M. Maher and W.D-C. Man. Revision of manuscript critically for important intellectual content: all authors. Approval of final manuscript: all authors.
Conflict of interest: C.M. Nolan has nothing to disclose.
Conflict of interest: S.S. Birring reports fees paid to King's College Hospital for use of KBILD from Roche, Boehringer Ingelheim and Galapagos, outside the submitted work.
Conflict of interest: M. Maddocks reports grants (CDF-2017-10-009 and HSDR 16/02/18) from NIHR, outside the submitted work.
Conflict of interest: T.M. Maher has, via his institution, received industry-academic funding from GlaxoSmithKline R&D and UCB, and has received consultancy or speakers fees from Apellis, AstraZeneca, aTyr Pharma, Bayer, Biogen Idec, Boehringer Ingelheim, Celgene, Galapagos, GlaxoSmithKline R&D, Indalo, Pliant, ProMetic, Roche, Samumed and UCB.
Conflict of interest: S. Patel has nothing to disclose.
Conflict of interest: R.E. Barker has nothing to disclose.
Conflict of interest: S.E. Jones has nothing to disclose.
Conflict of interest: J.A. Walsh has nothing to disclose.
Conflict of interest: S.C. Wynne has nothing to disclose.
Conflict of interest: P.M. George reports personal fees for lecturing and nonfinancial support for meeting attendance from Boehringer Ingelheim and Roche Pharmaceuticals, personal fees for lecturing from Teva, outside the submitted work.
Conflict of interest: W.D-C. Man reports grants from National Institute for Health Research, during the conduct of the study; grants from Pfizer, nonfinancial support from GlaxoSmithKline, personal fees from Mundipharma and Novartis, outside the submitted work.
Support statement: C.M. Nolan is funded by a National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Doctoral Research Fellowship (DRF-2014-084) for this research project. This publication presents independent research. The views expressed are those of the author(s) and not necessarily those of the NHS, the NIHR or the Dept of Health and Social Care. Funding information for this article has been deposited with the Crossref Funder Registry.
- Received February 8, 2019.
- Accepted May 29, 2019.
- Copyright ©ERS 2019
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