Headings, 1976 [11] | USA | 80 | Prevalence estimate | 523 parents and full siblings | 34 | Not reported | Biopsy proven | Reported by probands | 7.2% of proband cases with ≥1 FDR with sarcoidosis Heritability: 60–70% |
McGrath, 2000 [17] | UK | 406 | Prevalence estimate | Not reported | 40 | Not reported | Biopsy and non-biopsy proven | Reported by proband, confirmed by family doctor | 5.9% of proband cases with ≥1 family member with sarcoidosis Relative risk in siblings: 36–73 |
Rybicki, 2001 [15] | USA | 706 | 706 | 10 862 FDRs 17 047 SDRs | 42 (median) | Not reported | Biopsy proven | Reported by proband | Odds ratio in FDRs: 3.8 (1.9–7.6) Odds ratio in SDRs: 5.2 (1.5–18.2) |
Rybicki, 2001 [16] | USA | 179 | Prevalence estimate and simulation | 488 parents and full siblings | 43 | 66 in parents, 45 in siblings | Biopsy and non-biopsy proven | Reported by relative | Relative risk in FDRs: 2.5 (1.6–3.7) |
Sverrild, 2008 [21] | Denmark and Finland | 210 | NA | 210 twin pairs (50 MZ, 160 DZ) | Not reported | NA | Register-based | NA | Concordance rates: 0.148 in MZ twins, 0.012 in DZ twins Heritability: 66% (45–80%) |