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Structural brain correlates of obstructive sleep apnoea in older adults at risk for dementia

Nathan E. Cross, Negar Memarian, Shantel L. Duffy, Casey Paquola, Haley LaMonica, Angela D'Rozario, Simon J.G. Lewis, Ian B. Hickie, Ronald R. Grunstein, Sharon L. Naismith
European Respiratory Journal 2018 52: 1800740; DOI: 10.1183/13993003.00740-2018
Nathan E. Cross
School of Psychology, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, AustraliaWoolcock Institute of Medical Research, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, AustraliaBrain and Mind Centre, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, AustraliaNeurosleep, NHMRC Centre of Research Excellence, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, AustraliaCharles Perkins Centre, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, Australia
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Negar Memarian
Woolcock Institute of Medical Research, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, AustraliaBrain and Mind Centre, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, AustraliaNeurosleep, NHMRC Centre of Research Excellence, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, AustraliaCharles Perkins Centre, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, Australia
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Shantel L. Duffy
Woolcock Institute of Medical Research, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, AustraliaBrain and Mind Centre, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, AustraliaNeurosleep, NHMRC Centre of Research Excellence, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, AustraliaCharles Perkins Centre, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, Australia
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Casey Paquola
Brain and Mind Centre, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, Australia
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Haley LaMonica
School of Psychology, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, AustraliaBrain and Mind Centre, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, AustraliaCharles Perkins Centre, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, Australia
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Angela D'Rozario
School of Psychology, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, AustraliaWoolcock Institute of Medical Research, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, AustraliaNeurosleep, NHMRC Centre of Research Excellence, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, AustraliaCharles Perkins Centre, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, Australia
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Simon J.G. Lewis
Brain and Mind Centre, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, AustraliaNeurosleep, NHMRC Centre of Research Excellence, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, Australia
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Ian B. Hickie
Brain and Mind Centre, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, Australia
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Ronald R. Grunstein
Woolcock Institute of Medical Research, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, AustraliaNeurosleep, NHMRC Centre of Research Excellence, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, AustraliaSydney Health Partners, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, Australia
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Sharon L. Naismith
School of Psychology, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, AustraliaBrain and Mind Centre, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, AustraliaNeurosleep, NHMRC Centre of Research Excellence, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, AustraliaCharles Perkins Centre, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, Australia
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Abstract

This study aimed to investigate associations between obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA) and cortical thickness in older adults with subjective and objective cognitive difficulties, who are considered “at-risk” for dementia.

83 middle-aged to older adults (51–88 years) underwent neuropsychological testing, polysomnography assessment of OSA and a structural magnetic resonance imaging brain scan. A principal components analysis was performed on OSA measures. Cortical thickness and subcortical volumes were compared to extracted components of “oxygen desaturation” and “sleep disturbance”.

Oxygen desaturation was significantly related to reduced cortical thickness in the bilateral temporal lobes (left: r=−0.44, p<0.001; right: r=−0.39, p=0.003). Conversely, sleep disturbance was associated with increased thickness in the right postcentral gyrus (r=0.48, p<0.001), pericalcarine (r=0.50, p=0.005) and pars opercularis (r=0.46, p=0.009) and increased volume of the hippocampus and amygdala. Decreased thickness in the bilateral temporal regions was associated with reduced verbal encoding (r=0.28, p=0.010).

Given the clinical significance of this sample in terms of dementia prevention, these changes in grey matter reveal how OSA might contribute to neurodegenerative processes in older adults.

Abstract

This study demonstrates how obstructive sleep apnoea might contribute to neurodegenerative processes in older adults http://ow.ly/frH030jWFJn

Footnotes

  • This article has supplementary material available from erj.ersjournals.com

  • Author contributions: N.E. Cross was involved in the conception and design of the study, acquisition and analysis of data, and drafting a significant portion of the manuscript. N. Memarian was involved with acquisition and analysis of data. S.L. Duffy was involved with acquisition and analysis of data. C. Paquola was involved with analysis of data. H. LaMonica was involved with acquisition of the data. A. D'Rozario was involved with acquisition and analysis of data. S.J.G. Lewis was involved in the conception and design of the study, and acquisition of data. I.B. Hickie was involved with conception and design of the study. R.R. Grunstein was involved with the conception and design of the study. S.L. Naismith was involved in the conception and design of the study and drafting a significant portion of the manuscript. All authors contributed significantly to the interpretation of results and had input into the writing of the manuscript.

  • Conflict of interest: None declared.

  • Received January 26, 2018.
  • Accepted May 4, 2018.
  • Copyright ©ERS 2018
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Structural brain correlates of obstructive sleep apnoea in older adults at risk for dementia
Nathan E. Cross, Negar Memarian, Shantel L. Duffy, Casey Paquola, Haley LaMonica, Angela D'Rozario, Simon J.G. Lewis, Ian B. Hickie, Ronald R. Grunstein, Sharon L. Naismith
European Respiratory Journal Jul 2018, 52 (1) 1800740; DOI: 10.1183/13993003.00740-2018

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Structural brain correlates of obstructive sleep apnoea in older adults at risk for dementia
Nathan E. Cross, Negar Memarian, Shantel L. Duffy, Casey Paquola, Haley LaMonica, Angela D'Rozario, Simon J.G. Lewis, Ian B. Hickie, Ronald R. Grunstein, Sharon L. Naismith
European Respiratory Journal Jul 2018, 52 (1) 1800740; DOI: 10.1183/13993003.00740-2018
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