Figures
- FIGURE 1
Summary of the development of the Bronchiectasis Health Questionnaire (BHQ).
- FIGURE 2
The Bronchiectasis Health Questionnaire (BHQ).
- FIGURE 3
Mean±sd Bronchiectasis Health Questionnaire (BHQ) scores for forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1) categories.
- FIGURE 4
The association between exacerbations of bronchiectasis and mean±sd Bronchiectasis Health Questionnaire (BHQ) scores.
- FIGURE 5
Bland–Altman plot (mean±1.96sd) of repeatability of the Bronchiectasis Health Questionnaire (BHQ).
Tables
- TABLE 1
Patient demographics and clinical characteristics
Patients n 206 Age years 59±15 Female % 65 BMI kg·m−2 25±5 Smoking status % Current 1 Ex 23 Never 76 Bronchiectasis aetiology % Idiopathic 41 Post-infective 27 Immunodeficiency 11 ABPA 8 Other# 13 Spirometry FEV1 % pred (range) 75±28 (18.1–150.7) FVC % pred 91±25 FEV1/FVC 66±14 Sputum colonisation with microorganisms¶ % Pseudomonas aeruginosa 26 Other 24 None 61 Exacerbations in past 12 months % 0 13 1 12 2 15 3 17 4 11 5 10 >5 22 Hospitalisations in last 12 months % 0 79 1 11 2 4 3 1 4 2 5 1 >5 2 Comorbidities+ % Asthma 25 Rhinosinusitis 23 Cardiovascular 14 COPD 9 Lung surgery 6 Diabetes mellitus 4 Lung fibrosis/sarcoidosis 3 Malignancy 1 Respiratory symptoms VAS Dyspnoea 27 (10–53) VAS Cough 28 (12–53) VAS Sputum 30 (11–56) SGRQ SGRQ Total 43±20 SGRQ Activities 50±27 SGRQ Symptoms 63±21 SGRQ Impact 33±20 Data presented as mean±sd or median (interquartile range), unless otherwise stated. BMI: body mass index; ABPA: allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis; FEV1: forced expiratory volume in 1 s; FVC: forced vital capacity; COPD: chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; VAS: visual analogue scale; SGRQ: St George's Respiratory Questionnaire. #: other aetiologies (total n=27) consist of primary ciliary dyskinesia (n=10), Kartagener's syndrome (n=2), inflammatory bowel disease (n=5), rheumatoid arthritis (n=6), Young's syndrome (n=3) and yellow nails syndrome (n=1); ¶: sputum colonisation status does not add up to 100% as participants could be chronically infected with P. aeruginosa and other microorganisms (sputum bacteria colonisation was assessed and defined as at least two positive cultures, a minimum 3 months apart and within 1 year); +: comorbidities do not add up to 100% as participants could have no comorbidities or more than one comorbidities.
- TABLE 2
Summary of Rasch analysis
Rasch statistics BHQ total score Number of items 10 Chi-squared fit statistic 28.16 Degrees of freedom 20 p-value 0.11 Item fit residual (mean±sd) 0.01±1.11 Person fit residual (mean±sd) −0.25±1.11 PSI 0.85 Cronbach's α 0.85 BHQ: Bronchiectasis Health Questionnaire; PSI: Person Separation Index. The Chi-squared statistic assesses item–trait interaction; nonsignificance indicates a good fit to the Rasch model (p>0.05). The mean person and item fit residuals are item–person interaction statistics that are z-transformed; a good fit to the Rasch model is when they approximate to a mean±sd of 0±1. The PSI assesses how well BHQ discriminates subjects with differing levels of health status. Cronbach's α coefficient is a measure of internal reliability. A PSI and Cronbach's α coefficient ≥0.7 is considered acceptable.
- TABLE 3
The relationship between the Bronchiectasis Health Questionnaire (BHQ) and clinical measures#
BHQ correlation coefficient p-value FEV1 % pred 0.266 0.001 FVC % pred 0.252 0.003 Exacerbations in last 12 months¶ −0.486 <0.001 Hospitalisations in last 12 months¶ −0.328 0.001 SGRQ Total −0.819 <0.001 SGRQ Activities −0.704 <0.001 SGRQ Symptoms −0.710 <0.001 SGRQ Impact −0.779 <0.001 VAS Dyspnoea+ −0.703 <0.001 VAS Cough+ −0.613 <0.001 VAS Sputum+ −0.481 <0.001 Data are presented as Pearson's r unless, otherwise stated. FEV1: forced expiratory volume in 1 s; FVC: forced vital capacity; SGRQ: St George's Respiratory Questionnaire; VAS: visual analogue scale. #: n=206 patients; ¶: exacerbations and hospitalisations related to bronchiectasis; +: Spearman's ρ. All p-values <0.01.
Supplementary Material
Please note: supplementary material is not edited by the Editorial Office, and is uploaded as it has been supplied by the author.
Supplementary material, appendix 1 ERJ-01532-2016_Supplement_1
Supplementary material, appendix 2 ERJ-01532-2016_Supplement_2
Supplementary Material
W-J. Guan ERJ-01532-2016_Guan
