Abstract
Objective: To study the prevalence & risk factors of OSA in children aged 5-10 year in India & its effect on school performance.
Methods: A questionnaire seeking information on anthropometry, academic performance, sleeping pattern & validated 22 item pediatrics sleep questionnaire- sleep related disorder breathing scale (SRBD) was distributed in three primary schools. Positive SRBD questionnaire (score ≥0.33) has been validated for study of pediatric OSA against polysomnography in population based studies.1
Results: 1396 were complete and were analyzed. Prevalence of students with positive SRBD in our study was 9.6%.
Association between OSA and various factors was tested by multiple logistic regression to identify independent determinants of OSA. Working mother (adjusted OR: 1.8), sleep bruxism (adjusted OR: 1.7) and sleep talking (adjusted OR: 3.0) were independent risk factors for positive SRBD.
Nocturnal enuresis (O.R:3.4) and poor grades performance in all subjects i.e. Mathematics ,English , Science, Hindi ,Drawing, physical education (p<0.001) were found in children with positive SRBD as compared to students with negative SRBD.
Interestingly we found mean sleep duration was lesser for overweight children (8.9±1.3 hours) than normal (9.6±1.1 hours) and underweight (9.8 ±1.1 hours) (ANOVA test p<0.001).
Conclusion: OSA is highly prevalent in Indian children. Working mother, history of sleep talking and bruxism were significantly associated with OSA. OSA can lead to nocturnal enuresis and poor academic performance. Sleeping less was significantly associated with overweight in children. This is the first study to show association of maternal employment and OSA, it needs to be validated in larger studies.
- Copyright ©the authors 2016