Abstract
Background: Smoking tobacco has been found to be commonamong patients with psychiatric disorders like anxiety, depression, schizophrenia and affective disorders. Our aim in this study is to compare psychiatric symptoms with the daily amount of cigarette consumption and degree of nicotine addiction.
Method: A cross-sectional study was designed. Group-1: 124 healthy active-smokers (66F/58M) and group-2: 127 healthy non-smokers (61F/66M) were recruited. The SCL-90-R (Symptom check list) and Fagerstrom Test (FT) was used to assess psychological symptoms and nicotine addiction level. Smoker was divided into 3 groups, light smokers (0-9), medium smokers (10-19) and heavy smokers (>20 cigarettes/day).
Results: Daily amount of cigarette consumption appears to a positive correlation with somatization, depression, psychoticism, hostility and paranoid ideation. Nicotine addiction level shows a positive correlation with all psychological symptoms (table-1).
Conclusion: This study showed that smokers, especially in patients with higher FT scores (7-10 p) have increased psychiatric symptoms and should be treated differently than other smokers to quitting tobacco.
| SCL-90-R | FT (0-3 p) | FT (4-6 p) | FT (7-10 p) | Control Group | *p-value |
| Somatization | 1,10±0,84 | 1,30±0,74 | 1,78±0,79 | 0,77±0,56 | <0,01 |
| Anxiety | 0,74±0,63 | 0,93±0,65 | 1,21±0,86 | 0,70±0,55 | <0,01 |
| Obsessive-compulsive | 1,08±0,74 | 1,25±0,69 | 1,51±0,83 | 1,21±0,63 | <0,01 |
| Depression | 0,98±0,70 | 1,27±0,75 | 1,52±0,95 | 0,87±0,64 | <0,01 |
| InterpersonalSensitivity | 0,63±0,52 | 1,08±0,68 | 1,18±0,86 | 1,04±0,76 | <0,05 |
| Psychoticism | 0,51±0,49 | 0,59±0,51 | 0,95±0,73 | 0,45±0,45 | <0,01 |
| Paranoidideation | 0,64±0,59 | 1,07±0,72 | 1,24±0,99 | 0,81±0,61 | <0,01 |
| Hostility | 0,79±0,82 | 1,28±0,95 | 1,52±1,02 | 0,70±0,64 | <0,01 |
Comparison of psychological symptoms with Nicotine Addiction Level
- Copyright ©the authors 2016
