Abstract
Introduction: The emergence of XDR-TB is a major roadblock in the successful implementation of TB control Programme.
Objective: To identify the secondary XDR-TB isolates in MDR-TB treatment failure cases and to identify the second line drug resistance pattern in these patients.
Methodology: 900 confirmed cases of MDR-TB after diagnosis by CBNAAT from January 2013 to December 2015 were included. Monthly follow up for sputum conversion of these patients was done. Cases with lack of conversion by the end of the intensive phase or bacteriological reversion in the continuation phase after conversion to negative were labelled as MDR-TB treatment failure cases and subjected to second line DST by LPA. The Drug resistance pattern in these patients was then documented.
Results: 74(8.2%) of 900 MDR-TB patients had MDR-TB treatment failure. The mean age of these patients was 32 ± 13 yr. 42(56.8%) were males and 32(43.2%) females. All were sero-negative for HIV. 54(73%) cases were found to be pre-XDR while rest were XDR-TB cases. 56.8%(42) had only Ofloxacin Resistance, 16.2 %(12) had only Kanamycin Resistance and 27%(20) were resistant to both Ofloxacin and Kanamycin.
Conclusion: XDR-TB is throwing an open challenge to clinicians and policy makers as mycobacterium is growing immortal and devastating.Early second line DST should be done simultaneously with Initiation of MDR-TB treatment. More detailed and population-based studies are required to know the burden of XDR-TB strains in community.
- Copyright ©the authors 2016