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Airway dysbiosis: Haemophilus influenzae and Tropheryma in poorly controlled asthma

Jodie L. Simpson, Joshua Daly, Katherine J. Baines, Ian A. Yang, John W. Upham, Paul N. Reynolds, Sandra Hodge, Alan L. James, Philip Hugenholtz, Dana Willner, Peter G. Gibson
European Respiratory Journal 2016 47: 792-800; DOI: 10.1183/13993003.00405-2015
Jodie L. Simpson
1Respiratory and Sleep Medicine, School of Medicine and Public Health, Centre for Asthma and Respiratory Disease, The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, Australia
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  • For correspondence: jodie.simpson@newcastle.edu.au
Joshua Daly
2Australian Centre for Ecogenomics, School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences and Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Australia
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Katherine J. Baines
1Respiratory and Sleep Medicine, School of Medicine and Public Health, Centre for Asthma and Respiratory Disease, The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, Australia
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Ian A. Yang
3School of Medicine, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Australia
4Dept of Thoracic Medicine, The Prince Charles Hospital, Chermside, Australia
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John W. Upham
3School of Medicine, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Australia
5Dept of Respiratory Medicine, Princess Alexandra Hospital, Woolloongabba, Australia
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Paul N. Reynolds
6Dept of Thoracic Medicine, Royal Adelaide Hospital and Lung Research Laboratory, Hanson Institute, Adelaide, Australia
7School of Medicine, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia
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Sandra Hodge
6Dept of Thoracic Medicine, Royal Adelaide Hospital and Lung Research Laboratory, Hanson Institute, Adelaide, Australia
7School of Medicine, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia
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Alan L. James
8Dept of Pulmonary Physiology and Sleep Medicine, Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital, Nedlands, Australia
9School of Medicine and Pharmacology, University of Western Australia, Crawley, Australia
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Philip Hugenholtz
2Australian Centre for Ecogenomics, School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences and Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Australia
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Dana Willner
2Australian Centre for Ecogenomics, School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences and Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Australia
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Peter G. Gibson
1Respiratory and Sleep Medicine, School of Medicine and Public Health, Centre for Asthma and Respiratory Disease, The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, Australia
10Woolcock Institute of Medical Research, Glebe, Australia
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Abstract

Asthma is a chronic inflammatory disorder of the airways where bacteria may act as protagonists of chronic inflammation. Little is known about the relation of airway inflammation to the presence of specific bacterial taxa. We sought to describe the sputum microbiome in adults with poorly controlled asthma.

DNA was extracted from induced sputum and microbial communities were profiled using 16S rRNA pyrosequencing. Bacterial species were characterised, and the relationship between microbial populations, asthma inflammatory subtypes and other covariates was explored. Real-time PCR was used to identify Tropheryma whipplei and Haemophilus influenzae in sputum.

Adults with neutrophilic asthma had reduced bacterial diversity and species richness. Tropheryma was identified and confirmed with real-time PCR in 12 (40%) participants. Haemophilus occurred most often in a group of younger atopic males with an increased proportion of neutrophils. PCR confirmed the presence of H. influenzae in 35 (76%) participants with poorly controlled asthma.

There are phenotype-specific alterations to the airway microbiome in asthma. Reduced bacterial diversity combined with a high prevalence of H. influenzae was observed in neutrophilic asthma, whereas eosinophilic asthma had abundant T. whipplei.

Abstract

There are phenotype-specific alterations to the airway microbiome in asthma which may modulate local inflammation http://ow.ly/UbB9k

Footnotes

  • This article has supplementary material available from erj.ersjournals.com

  • Support statement: This research was supported by a project grant (569246) from the NHMRC Australia. Funding information for this article has been deposited with FundRef.

  • Conflict of interest: Disclosures can be found alongside the online version of this article at erj.ersjournals.com

  • Received March 12, 2015.
  • Accepted October 27, 2015.
  • Copyright ©ERS 2016
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Airway dysbiosis: Haemophilus influenzae and Tropheryma in poorly controlled asthma
Jodie L. Simpson, Joshua Daly, Katherine J. Baines, Ian A. Yang, John W. Upham, Paul N. Reynolds, Sandra Hodge, Alan L. James, Philip Hugenholtz, Dana Willner, Peter G. Gibson
European Respiratory Journal Mar 2016, 47 (3) 792-800; DOI: 10.1183/13993003.00405-2015

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Airway dysbiosis: Haemophilus influenzae and Tropheryma in poorly controlled asthma
Jodie L. Simpson, Joshua Daly, Katherine J. Baines, Ian A. Yang, John W. Upham, Paul N. Reynolds, Sandra Hodge, Alan L. James, Philip Hugenholtz, Dana Willner, Peter G. Gibson
European Respiratory Journal Mar 2016, 47 (3) 792-800; DOI: 10.1183/13993003.00405-2015
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