Abstract
Aim of research: To improve the preoperative diagnosis of tumors of the posterior mediastinum. The variety of morphogenesis and clinical course of space-occupying lesions, the difficulties associated with imaging features of the anatomical structure of the posterior mediastinum determine the complexity of the differential diagnosis.
Materials and Methods: In order to develop an algorithm of differential diagnosis provides a choice of adequate treatment options we analyzed clinical data of 51 patients with various formations on the histogenesis of the posterior mediastinum, operated at the National Cancer Research Center, Ministry of Health of the Republic of Uzbekistan. Neurogenic tumors dominated - 58.8%, various cysts of the mediastinum were 17.6%.
Results: Analysis of clinical manifestations with the histological types of entities located in the posterior mediastinum showed that virtually no pathognomonic symptoms for a particular pathology, except neuromas with a form of growth as an "hourglass". Therefore, in the range of diagnostic methods mandatory inclusion of computed tomography or magnetic resonance imaging. If necessary, to address the differential diagnosis by using echocardiography, aortography and isotopic methods.
Conclusions: Comprehensive assessment of clinical and instrumental data in 85% of cases allowed the correct diagnosis before surgery with confirmation of malignancy or benign volumetric formation of the posterior mediastinum. This will ensure adequate treatment policy and rational choice of surgical approach.
- Copyright ©ERS 2015
