Abstract
Background: Obstructive sleep apnoea syndrome (OSAS) is a highly prevalent disorder, associated with decreased quality of life and increased cardiovascular morbidity. An intimate relationship exists between obesity and the development of OSAS and type 2 diabetes mellitus. This study aimed to measure the risk for OSAS and determine its clinical correlates among type 2 diabetics in Nigeria.
Methods: To determine the risk for OSAS, the Berlin questionnaire was administered on type 2 diabetics other clinical parameters such as blood pressure, lung function and anthropometry were also measured. Glycemic control was assessed with HbA1c measurement.
Results: One hundred and fourteen patients were recruited for this study. There were 63 females and 51 males. The average age of the patients was 55 ± 10.6 years. Fifty five (48.2%) of the patients had a high risk for OSAS. Patients with a high risk for OSAS had significantly higher BMI (28.9 ± 4.3 vs. 26.4 ± 3.6 kg/m2, p = 0.001) significantly higher systolic BP 146.7 ± 27.4 vs. 135.0 ± 22.8 mmHg, p = 0.014) and significantly higher diastolic BP (85.9 ± 15.5 vs. 79.4 ± 10.8 mmHg, p = 0.011). There was an increase in neck circumference (37.0 ± 3.7 vs. 35.9 ± 2.7 cm) and a reduction in percentage of predicted FEV1 (94.2 ± 27.0 vs. 102.2 ± 25.2 %) associated with a high risk for OSAS but these were not statistically significant. Patients with a high risk for OSAS were more likely to have poorly controlled BP (67.3 vs. 45.8%, χ2= 3.3, p = 0.021) and poorer glycaemic control (z=-4.412, p =<0.001)
Conclusion: A lot of our type 2 diabetes mellitus patients have a high risk for OSAS and this risk has a negative influence on blood pressure and glycemic control.
- Copyright ©ERS 2015
