Muniyandi (India, 2000) [30] | Both | Both | √ | | | | √ | | | | D&I | | | √ | √ | | √ | √ | √ |
Rajeswari (India, 1995+) [31] | Both | Both | √ | | | | √ | | | | | | | | √ | | √ | √ | √ |
Mauch (Ghana, 2009+) [5] | Both | Both | √ | √ | √ | √ | √ | √ | √ | | All | | | | | √ | √ | √ | √ |
Mauch (Vietnam, 2009+) [5] | Both | Both | √ | | | √ | √ | √ | √ | | D&I | | | | | √ | √ | √ | √ |
Mauch (Dominican Republic, 2009+) [5] | Both | Both | √ | | | √ | √ | √ | √ | | D&I | | | | | √ | √ | √ | √ |
Karki (Nepal, 2002) [32] | Both | Both | √ | √ | √ | | √ | √ | √ | √ | | | | | √ | √ | | √ | |
Xu (China, 2002) [33] | Both | Both | √ | √ | √ | | | | | | D | | | | | √§ | √§ | √§ | |
Kemp (Malawi, 2001) [34] | Both | Before | √ | √ | √ | | √ | | | | | | | √ | √ | √ | | √ | |
Needham (Zambia, 1995) [35] | Both | Before | √ | √ | √ | | √ | √ | √ | √ | | | | | | √ | | √ | |
Mesfin (Ethiopia, 2005) [36] | Both | Before | √ | √ | √ | √ | √ | √ | | √ | | | | √ | √ | √ | | | |
Jacquet (Haiti, 2003) [37] | Mean | Both | √ | | | | √ | | | | D&I | | | | | √ | | | |
Lönnroth (Myanmar, 2004) [38] | Mean | Both | √ | √ | √ | | √ | √ | | √ | All | | | √ | | √ | | | √ |
Gibson (Sierra Leone, 1994) [39] | Mean | Both | √ | | | | | | | | D | | | | | | | | |
Kamolratanakul (Thailand, 1996/97) [40] | Mean | Both | √ | √§ | √§ | | √ | √ | √ | | D | | | √ | | | √ | √ | √ |
Wyss (Tanzania, 1996) [41] | Mean | Both | √ | √ | √ | | √ | | | | | | | | | √ | | √ | |
Saunderson (Uganda, 1992) [42] | Mean | Both | √ | | | | √ | | | | | √ | | | √ | | | √ | |
Sinanovic (South Africa, 1998) [43] | Mean | Both | √ | √ | √ | | √ | | | | | | | | | | | √ | |
Jackson (China, 2002–2005) [44] | Mean | Both | √ | √ | √ | | √ | | √ | √ | | | | | | | √ | √ | √ |
Pantoja (India, 2005) [45] | Mean | Both | √ | √ | √ | √ | √ | √ | √ | √ | All | | | √ | | √ | √ | √ | |
Ananthakrishnan (India, 2007) [46] | Mean | Both | √ | √ | √ | | √ | | | | All | | | √ | √ | | √ | √ | |
Othman (Yemen, 2008/09) [47] | Mean | Both | √ | √ | √ | | √ | √ | | | | | | | | √ | | | |
Pichenda (Cambodia, 2008) [48] | Mean | Both | √ | √ | √ | | √ | √ | √ | | All | | √ | | | √ | | √ | |
Ayé (Tajikistan, 2006/07) [49] | Mean | Both | √ | √ | √ | | √ | √ | √ | | D&I | | | √ | | √ | | √ | √ |
Steffen (Brazil, 2007/08) [50] | Mean | Both | √ | √ | √ | √ | √ | √ | √ | √ | All | √ | | | √ | √ | | √ | |
Rouzier (Ecuador, 2007) [51] | Mean | Both | √ | √§ | √§ | √ | √ | √ | √ | | | | √ | | | √ | | √ | |
John (India, 2007) [52] | Mean | Both | √ | √ | √ | √ | √ | √ | √ | √ | All | √ | | √ | √ | √ | | √ | |
Muniyandi (India, 2000) [53] | Mean | Both | √ | | | | √ | | | | | | | | | | | √ | |
Elamin (Malaysia, 2002) [54] | Mean | Both | √ | √ | √ | | √ | | √ | | | | | | | | | √ | |
Mahendradhata (Indonesia, 2004/05) [55] | Mean | Both | √ | √ | √ | | √ | | | √ | | | | | | | | √ | |
Sinanovic (South Africa, 2002) [56] | Mean | Both | √ | √ | √ | | √ | | | | | | | | | | | √ | |
Vassall (Ethiopia, 2005) [57] | Mean | Both | √ | √ | √ | | √ | | | √ | All | √ | | | | √ | | | |
Costa (Brazil, 2000) [58] | Mean | Both | √ | √ | √ | | √ | √ | √ | √ | | | √ | | | | √ | √ | |
El Sony (Sudan, 1998/99) [59] | Mean | Both | | √ | | √ | | √ | | | | | | | | | | | |
Khan (Pakistan, 1997/98) [60] | Mean | Both | √ | | | | √ | | | | | | | | | | | √ | |
Umar (Nigeria, 2008) [61] | Mean | Both | | | | | √ | | | √ | | √ | | | | √§ | | | |
Vassall (Syria, 1999) [62] | Mean | Both | √ | | | | √ | | | | | | | | | | | √ | |
Vassall (Egypt, 1999) [62] | Mean | Both | √ | | | | √ | | | | | | | | | | | √ | |
Meng (China, 2000) [63] | Mean | Both | | √ | | | | | | | | | | √ | | | √§ | | |
Zhan (China, 2000/01) [64] | Mean | Bothƒ | √ | √ | √ | | | | | | Dƒ | | | | | √§ | | √§ | |
Ray (India, 2003) [65] | Mean | Before | √ | | | | √ | | | | | | | √ | | | | √ | |
Datiko (Ethiopia, 2007) [66] | Mean | Before | √ | √ | √ | | √ | | √ | √ | | | | | | | | | |
Croft (Bangladesh, 1996) [67] | Mean | Before## | √ | √ | √ | | √ | √ | | | | | | | | | √ | | √ |
Okello (Uganda, 1998) [68] | Mean | During | √ | √ | √ | | √ | | | | | √ | | | | √ | | √ | |
Wandwalo (Tanzania, 2002) [69] | Mean | During | √ | | | | √ | | | | | | | | | √ | | √ | |
Prado (Brazil, 2005/06) [70] | Mean | During | √ | √ | √ | | √ | | | √ | | | | | | | | √ | |
Mirzoev (Nepal, 2001/02) [71] | Mean | During | √ | | | | √ | | | | | | | | | √ | | √ | |
Jacobs (Russia, 1997) [72] | Mean | During | √ | | | | √ | | | | | | | | | √ | | √ | |
Total number of surveys | 47 (44 studies) | 44 | 31 | 29 | 9 | 42 | 18 | 16 | 14 | 17 | 6 | 3 | 11 | 9 | 25 | 13 | 36 | 10 |
Mauch (Kenya, 2008) [73] | Median | Both | √ | | | | √ | | | | | √ | | | | | | | √ |
Laokri (Burkina Faso, 2007/08) [74] | Median | Both | √ | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Umar (Nigeria, 2008) [75] | Median | Both | √ | √ | √ | | | √ | √ | | | √ | | | √ | | | | |
Aspler (Zambia, 2006) [76] | Median | Both | √ | √ | √ | | √ | √ | √ | | D | √ | | √ | √ | | | | |
Liu (China, 2004) [77] | Median | Both | √ | √ | √ | | | | | | D | | | | | | | | |
Total number of surveys | 5 (5 studies) | 5 | 3 | 3 | 0 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 0 | 2 | 3 | 0 | 1 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 |