On linezolid efficacy and tolerability

S. De Lorenzo; R. Centis; L. D'Ambrosio; G. Sotgiu; G.B. Migliori

doi:10.1183/09031936.00116011

Tables

Table 1– Epidemiological characteristics of 12 patients with multidrug-resistant/extremely drug-resistant (XDR) tuberculosis (TB) treated with linezolid in Sondalo, Italy

XDR-TB	4/12 (33)
Resistance to streptomycin	10/12 (83)
Resistance to ethambutol	9/12 (75)
Resistance to pyrazinamide	9/12 (75)
Resistance to fluoroquinolones	7/12 (58)
Resistance to amikacin	3/12 (25)
Resistance to kanamycin	6/11 (54)
Resistance to capreomycin	3/11 (27)
Previous exposure to anti-TB therapy >30 days	9/12 (75)
Median (IQR) number of times treated with anti-TB drugs >1 month	2 (0.5–8)

Data are presented as n/N (%), unless otherwise stated. IQR: interquartile range.

Table 2– Clinical characteristics of 12 patients with multidrug-resistant/extremely drug-resistant tuberculosis (TB) treated with linezolid in Sondalo, Italy

Patient ID	Drug resistance profile	Anti-TB regimen	Sputum smear conversion days	Sputum culture conversion days	Linezolid exposure days	Adverse events
1	H, R, EMB, ETH	AMK, LZD, MFX, PZA, TER	25	47	44
2	H, R, S, EMB, PZA, FQ, ETH, AMK, KM	AM, CLOF, LEVO, LZD, MRP, TER	54	120	77	Anaemia, leukopenia
3	H, R, S, EMB, PZA, CS	AMK, ETH, LZD, MFX, MRP, PAS	5	No conversion	50
4	H, R, S, EMB, FQ, ETH, AMK, CM, KM	AM, CLOF, CS, LZD, MFX, MRP, PZA	23	38	110
5	H, R, PZA, FQ, ETH, PAS, CM	AM/Cl, AMK, CS, ETH, LZD, MFX, MRP	35	No conversion	50
6	H, R, S, EMB, FQ, ETH, AMK, PAS, CM, KM	AM, CLOF, LZD, MFX, MRP, PZA	74	95	174
7	H, R, S, EMB, PZA, ETH, PAS, KM	AM, AMK, CLOF, CS, LZD, MFX, MRP	46	70	83
8	H, R, S, PZA, FQ, ETH, PAS, KM	AM, AMK, CLOF, CS, EMB, LZD, MRP	34	44	90
9	H, R, S, EMB, PZA, CS, PAS, KM	AM, AMK, ETH, LZD, MRP, TER	22	37	20	Low platelets (LZD temporary interruption)
10	H, R, S, PZA, FQ, PAS	AMK, EMB, ETH, LZD, MFX, TER	52	84	20	Neuropathy (LZD temporary interruption)
11	H, R, S, EMB, PZA, PAS	AM, AMK, ETH, LZD, MFX, MRP	147	No conversion	30
12	H, R, S, EMB, PZA, FQ, ETH, CS, PAS	AM, AMK, CLOF, ETH, LZD, MFX, MRP, PZA	139	150	120	Neuropathy

AM: amoxicillin; AM/Cl: amoxicillin/clavulanate acid; AMK: amikacin; CLOF: clofazimine; CM: capreomycin; CS: cycloserine; EMB: ethambutol; ETH: ethionamide; FQ: any fluoroquinolone; H: isoniazid; KM: kanamycin; LEVO: levofloxacin; LZD: linezolid; MFX: moxifloxacin; MRP: meropenem; PAS: p-aminosalicylic acid; PZA: pyrazinamide; R: rifampicin; S; streptomycin; TER: terizidone.

Table 3– Comparison of 12 patients with multidrug-resistant/extremely drug-resistant tuberculosis treated with linezolid in Sondalo with two other recently published cohorts

	Sondalo cohort	Migliori [3]	p-value^#	Villar [1]	p-value^¶
Time to sputum smear conversion days	40.5 (24–64)	76 (56–162)	0.0101	150 (60–540)	0.0028
Time to culture conversion days	70 (44–95)	108 (56–160)	0.1865	180 (90–1380)	0.0197

Data are presented as median (interquartile range), unless otherwise stated. ^#: comparison between Sondalo and Migliori [3] cohorts; ^¶: comparison between Sondalo and Villar [1] cohorts.