Figures
- Fig. 1—
Age-adjusted prevalence of doctor-diagnosed asthma (DDA) by sex and age group in Busselton health surveys from 1966 to 2005–2007. From 1966 to 1975, the asthma question was “Have you ever had asthma?”, and from 1981 to 2005–2007 it was “Has your doctor ever told you that you have asthma?” ▪: males 18–54 yrs, •: females 18–54 yrs, ▴: males 55–79 yrs, ▾: females 55–79 yrs.
Tables
- Table 1—
Number of participants and prevalence(%) of asthma, respiratory symptoms, airway hyperresponsiveness (AHR), smoking, atopy and obesity in Busselton surveys 1981, 1990 and 2005–2007 by age group and sex
Year Males Females 18–54 yrs 55–79 yrs 18–54 yrs 55–79 yrs Participants n 1981 1015 739 1227 858 1990 528 626 2005–2007 634 658 805 625 DDA 1981 8.7*** 7.7** 10.1*** 6.8*** 1990 16.1* 14.7*** 2005–2007 21.0 12.1 23.0 17.3 Wheeze (ever) 1981 24.5*** 33.4 26.0*** 26.0** 1990 38.1* 35.6 2005–2007 44.2 33.3 38.7 32.7 Wheeze (recent) 1981 17.4** 22.8 17.5* 22.3 1990 29.4 28.6 2005–2007 25.7 24.4 24.3 20.1 DDA plus wheeze (recent) 1981 6.0* 4.7 6.2*** 5.0 1990 12.3 11.8 2005–2007 10.5 8.3 13.1 9.7 AHR 1981 7.8 15.7 12.4 13.4 1990 8.3 7.7*** 2005–2007 10.5 11.2 13.4 13.9 AHR plus wheeze (recent) 1981 4.3 8.4* 5.6 4.7 1990 7.9* 6.4 2005–2007 4.6 4.4 5.6 4.4 Shortness of breath 1981 6.2 16.7 10.5* 18.8 1990 4.9 10.3 2005–2007 6.5 15.1 13.6 18.5 Cough/phlegm (recent) 1981 11.5*** 18.7* 7.7*** 13.5*** 1990 15.4*** 12.1* 2005–2007 25.9 30.6 16.7 22.1 Doctor-diagnosed bronchitis 1981 12.3* 23.4 20.8 20.3 1990 20.0* 30.1*** 2005–2007 15.7 20.4 20.8 27.5 Smoking (current) 1981 28.3** 16.1*** 19.0** 12.7*** 1990 18.4 12.9 2005–2007 21.7 7.7 14.0 4.1 Atopy 1981 46.6*** 41.3 42.3** 34.9 1990 52.7*** 50.2 2005–2007 63.2 46.0 52.2 37.4 Obese (BMI >30 kg·m−2) 1981 9.0*** 11.9*** 8.2*** 15.3*** 1990 9.2*** 12.3*** 2005–2007 20.1 28.7 19.8 24.3 Data are presented as %, unless otherwise stated. DDA: doctor-diagnosed asthma; BMI: body mass index. *: p<0.05 compared with 2005–2007; **: p<0.01 compared with 2005–2007; ***: p<0.001 compared with 2005–2007.
Supplementary material
Files in this Data Supplement:
- Supplementary material
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Subject details
Tissue preparation and measurement
Data analysis
Discussion
Table E1. Numbers of cases contributing airways to analyses based on airway size (measured as perimeter of the basement membrane).
Figure E1. Area of the layer of airway smooth muscle relative to airway size, expressed as the perimeter of the basement membrane (Pbm), in small airways (Pbm < 4mm), medium airways (Pbm 4-10mm) and large airways (Pbm > 10mm) in control subjects and non-fatal and fatal cases of asthma. The cases of asthma are further categorised by clinical severity score as �Moderate� (includes cases of both mild and moderate severity) or �Severe�.
- Supplementary material
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Subject details
