Tissue | Mechanism | Effects |
Carotid body | Oxygen sensing by HIF-1α | Enhanced sympathetic activity |
| | Increased blood pressure |
| | Decreased baroreflex sensitivity |
Endothelium | Activation of NF-κB | Inflammatory cytokine production |
| | Surface adhesion molecule expression |
| | Increased apoptotic endothelial cells? |
| | Decreased circulating endothelial progenitor cells? |
Adipose tissue | Activation of NF-κB | Dysregulation of adipokine production |