| Patients n | Data |
Increased/recent symptoms | 791 | |
Dyspnoea | | 99.2 |
Cough | | 78.1 |
Expectoration | | 59.7 |
Sputum purulence | | 42.6 |
mMRC dyspnoea grade at entry | 741 | 4.2±1.1 |
0–1 | | 2.8 |
2–3 | | 19.6 |
4–5 | | 77.6 |
Signs of severity | 793 | |
Cyanosis | | 29.0 |
Neurological impairment | | 11.0 |
Lower limb oedema | | 23.3 |
Asterixis | | 7.8 |
Use of accessory inspiratory muscles | | 50.9 |
Expiratory use of abdominal muscles | | 37.8 |
Signs from clinical severity index | 793 | |
0 | | 27.6 |
1–2 | | 47.7 |
≥3 | | 24.7 |
Cardiac frequency beats·min−1 | 785 | 98.5±19.8 |
Respiratory frequency breaths·min−1 | 706 | 26.9±7.2 |
Arterial blood pressure mmHg | 752 | 144±28/78±16 |
Peak expiratory flow rate | 767 | |
Measurement | | 16.9 |
Result L·min−1 | | 185.1±84.9 |
Treatments | 789 | |
β2-agonists | | 89.2 |
Anticholinergic agents | | 80.1 |
Inhaled corticosteroids | | 6.7 |
Systemic corticosteroids | | 45.5 |
Oxygen therapy | | 82.8 |
Length of stay in the ED h | 667 | 11.8±14.1 |