Figures
- Fig. 1—
Estimates for important effects in 6-min walk distance based on the standard error of measurement (sem). Data come from 305 chronic obstructive pulmonary disease patients enrolled in seven randomised trials of respiratory rehabilitation. The overall estimate is based on all patients whereas the results are also shown for the individual studies. Bootstrapped 95% confidence intervals are given. Values of n for each study can be found in table 2⇓.
- Fig. 2—
Estimates for important effects in 6-min walk distance based on the standard error of measurement stratified (sem) for forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1), sex and age. Data are presented with bootstrapped 95% confidence intervals. Values for n for each groups are as follows. FEV1 ≥50% predicted: n = 54; 35–50% pred: n = 107; <35% pred: n = 140; females: n = 79; males: n = 226; aged 70–80 yrs: n = 137; 60–70 yrs: n = 104; 50–60 yrs: n = 33.
Tables
- Table 1—
Characteristics of included trials
First author [Ref.] Country Intervention group 1 Intervention group 2 Subjects n Age yrs Males % Mean FEV1 Baseline 6MWD Puhan 11 Switzerland Respiratory rehabilitation (continuous exercise) Respiratory rehabilitation (interval exercise) 98 68.9±9.1 67 34.3±8.4 323±109 Goldstein 21 Canada Respiratory rehabilitation Usual care 89 66.0±7.2 49 34.7±13.2 366±99 Puhan 20 Switzerland Respiratory rehabilitation 71 67.5±8.4 66 45.1±15.4 360±122 Mador 22 USA Respiratory rehabilitation 24 69.9±9.5 92 44.3±17.1 326±105 Mador 19 USA Respiratory rehabilitation (endurance exercise) Respiratory rehabilitation (strength exercise) 28 71.1±6.1 100 42.0±14.7 378±119 Mador 18 USA Respiratory rehabilitation (endurance and hyperpnea) Respiratory rehabilitation (endurance exercise) 29 70.3±7.4 100 44.8±16.6 435±98 Krauza 23 USA Respiratory rehabilitation (interval exercise) Respiratory rehabilitation (continuous exercise) 41 71.1±7.6 98 43.1±13.1 431±104 Mador, unpublished results USA Respiratory rehabilitation (endurance and upper arm exercise) Respiratory rehabilitation (endurance exercise) 17 73.9±7.0 100 36.7±13.6 383±79 Schünemann 33 Canada Respiratory rehabilitation 63 69.8±8.3 54 38.9±14.5 334±104 All 460 68.9±8.3 71 39.2±14.1 361±112 Data are presented as mean±sd, unless otherwise stated. FEV1: forced expiratory volume in one second; 6MWD: 6-min walk distance.
- Table 2—
Standard error of measurement
First author [Ref.] Patients with 2 6MWDs at baseline n Intraclass correlation coefficient sd (baseline 6MWD) sem (95% CI) All studies 305 0.90 111 35 (30–42) Puhan 11 90 0.89 111 37 (29–53) Goldstein 21 89 0.88 99 35 (29–45) Mador 22 13 0.93 108 29 (21–41) Mador 19 26 0.94 120 30 (22–40) Mador 18 29 0.83 98 41 (21–59) Krauza 23 41 0.96 104 20 (16–26) Mador, unpublished results 17 0.88 79 27 (17–35) 6MWD: 6-min walk distance; CI: confidence interval.
