Subjects n | 5756 |
Age yrs | 64.5±8.5 |
Males | 74.6 |
Race | |
White | 90.0 |
Asian | 6.3 |
Black | 1.6 |
Unavailable | 2.0 |
Current smoker | 30.6 |
Smoking history pack-yrs | 48.7±27.9 |
Duration of COPD yrs | 9.8±8.3 |
BMI kg·m−2 | 26.0±5.1 |
SGRQ total score | 45.9±17.1 |
Pre-bronchodilator FEV1 % pred | 39.3±12.0 |
Post-bronchodilator FEV1 % pred | 47.6±12.6 |
GOLD stage | |
Stage II: moderate | 46.6 |
Stage III: severe | 44.7 |
Stage IV: very severe | 8.8 |
Medication use | |
Any respiratory medication | 93.1 |
Short-acting β-agonists | 68.5 |
Any long-acting bronchodilator | 60.5 |
Inhaled steroids | 61.4 |
Short-acting inhaled anticholinergics | 44.5 |
Xanthines | 28.6 |
Oxygen | 2.0 |