Skip to main content

Main menu

  • Home
  • Current issue
  • ERJ Early View
  • Past issues
  • For authors
    • Instructions for authors
    • Submit a manuscript
    • Author FAQs
  • Alerts
  • Podcasts
  • Subscriptions
  • ERS Publications
    • European Respiratory Journal
    • ERJ Open Research
    • European Respiratory Review
    • Breathe
    • ERS Books
    • ERS publications home

User menu

  • Log in
  • Subscribe
  • Contact Us

Search

  • Advanced search
  • ERS Publications
    • European Respiratory Journal
    • ERJ Open Research
    • European Respiratory Review
    • Breathe
    • ERS Books
    • ERS publications home

Login

European Respiratory Society

Advanced Search

  • Home
  • Current issue
  • ERJ Early View
  • Past issues
  • For authors
    • Instructions for authors
    • Submit a manuscript
    • Author FAQs
  • Alerts
  • Podcasts
  • Subscriptions

Childhood asthma and fruit consumption

B. J. Okoko, P. G. Burney, R. B. Newson, J. F. Potts, S. O. Shaheen
European Respiratory Journal 2007 29: 1161-1168; DOI: 10.1183/09031936.00097806
B. J. Okoko
  • Find this author on Google Scholar
  • Find this author on PubMed
  • Search for this author on this site
P. G. Burney
  • Find this author on Google Scholar
  • Find this author on PubMed
  • Search for this author on this site
R. B. Newson
  • Find this author on Google Scholar
  • Find this author on PubMed
  • Search for this author on this site
J. F. Potts
  • Find this author on Google Scholar
  • Find this author on PubMed
  • Search for this author on this site
S. O. Shaheen
  • Find this author on Google Scholar
  • Find this author on PubMed
  • Search for this author on this site
  • Article
  • Figures & Data
  • Info & Metrics
  • PDF
Loading

Figures

  • Tables
  • Fig. 1—
    • Download figure
    • Open in new tab
    • Download powerpoint
    Fig. 1—

    Plot of group adjusted odds ratios (OR) for asthma symptoms by frequency of consumption of apples, pears, bananas and miscellaneous fruits. a-d) ever had asthma, e-h) ever wheezed, i-l) current wheeze. CI: confidence interval. #: the reference group had less than one serving per month.

Tables

  • Figures
  • Table 1—

    Distribution of baseline characteristics and their relationship to the prevalence of ever-asthma

    CharacteristicsSubjects n (%)Prevalence of ever-asthma
    %p-value#
    Age group yrs
     5–7917 (35.5)17.1
     8–91257 (49.1)18.90.25
     10–11372 (14.7)21.0
     Unknown21 (0.8)
    Sex
     Male1235 (48.2)22.0
     Female1325 (51.8)15.30.0001
    History of breastfeeding
     Yes1225 (59.6)15.3
     No791 (38.5)24.20.0001
     Unknown38 (1.9)0.0
    Birth weight kg
     ≥2.51840 (92.1)19.2
     <2.5158 (7.9)23.30.22
    Parents' education
     Secondary school or lower565 (68.4)23.20.001
     A levels or higher261 (31.6)13.4
    Family history of asthma
     Yes690 (27.0)32.5
     No1836 (71.8)13.50.0001
     Unknown30 (1.2)13.3
    Number of siblings aged <16 yrs
     None392 (16.2)19.9
     1955 (39.4)19.40.66
     2715 (29.5)18.6
     ≥3360 (14.9)16.7
    Ethnic group
     White British1421 (58.9)21.60.0001
     Other British341 (14.1)19.4
     Other649 (26.9)11.9
    Exposure to tobacco smoke
     Yes1021 (40.2)22.40.0001
     No1517 (59.8)16.0
    • #: calculated for difference in prevalence between groups using Chi-squared tests.

  • Table 2—

    Fruit consumption by age, sex, ethnicity and parents' educational status

    Baseline characteristicsFruit consumed
    Fresh appleApple juiceBanana
    Subjects nFS per day %Subjects nJS per day %Subjects nFS per day %
    Sex
     Male1239317 (25.6)1215263 (21.7)1232217 (17.6)
     Female1328351 (26.4)1305287 (22.0)1313217 (16.5)
     p-value#0.040.730.81
    Ethnic group
     White British1439349 (24.3)131571 (5.4)1434185 (12.9)
     Other British34490 (26.2)31042 (13.6)33966 (19.5)
     Other639187 (29.3)59252 (8.8)628146 (23.3)
     p-value#0.040.00010.0001
    Parents' educational status
     Less than A level1300315 (24.2)1277214 (16.8)1295200 (15.4)
     A level and above1267353 (27.9)1248337 (27.0)1250234 (18.7)
     p-value#0.00010.0010.03
    Age group yrs
     5–625864 (24.8)23911 (4.6)25741 (16.0)
     7657170 (25.9)59756 (9.4)647116 (18.0)
     8659160 (24.3)60347 (7.8)652106 (16.3)
     9600173 (28.8)54638 (7.0)597104 (17.4)
     10–1137494 (25.1)34635 (10.1)37361 (16.4)
     p-value#0.660.460.58
    • Data are presented as n (%), unless otherwise stated. FS: fruit serving; JS: juice serving. The daily fruit and juice serving represent the proportions of children having at least one fruit or juice serving a day, respectively. #: calculated using Pearson Chi-squared tests.

  • Table 3—

    Odds ratio(OR) for children’s asthma symptoms associated with frequency of apple intake

    OutcomeFrequency of apple consumptionOR (95% CI) and significance level
    Subjects nUnadjustedAdjusted
    Current wheeze<1 serving per month#16511
    1 serving per month–1 serving per week6150.82 (0.51–1.33)0.82 (0.51–1.33)
    2–6 servings per week10900.62 (0.39–0.98)0.64 (0.40–1.02)
    >1 serving per day6460.77 (0.47–1.24)0.83 (0.50–1.36)
    p-value for trend0.660.91
    Ever wheeze<1 serving per month#16511
    1 serving per month–1 serving per week6160.81 (0.56–1.17)0.82 (0.56–1.20)
    2–6 servings per week10920.62 (0.44–0.89)0.68 (0.47–0.98)
    >1 serving per day6510.68 (0.47–0.99)0.78 (0.53–1.15)
    p-value for trend0.050.37
    Ever-asthma<1 serving per month#16311
    1 serving per month–1 serving per week6060.83 (0.56–1.24)0.84 (0.56–1.26)
    2–6 servings per week10810.50 (0.34–0.74)0.54 (0.36–0.81)
    >1 serving per day6440.69 (0.46–1.03)0.79 (0.52–1.20)
    p-value for trend0.070.39
    • CI: confidence interval. #: reference group.

  • Table 4—

    Apple juice consumption and asthma symptoms

    Fruit juice categoryExposureSubjects n (%)OR (95% CI)
    Current wheezeEver wheezeEver-asthma
    UnadjustedAdjustedUnadjustedAdjustedUnadjustedAdjusted
    Apple juice from concentrate<1 serving per month#914 (39.0)111111
    1 serving per month–1 serving per week611 (26.1)0.86 (0.63–1.16)0.88 (0.64–1.21)0.83 (0.66–1.05)0.89 (0.70–1.14)0.79 (0.60–1.03)0.87 (0.66–1.15)
    2–6 servings per week443 (18.9)0.61 (0.42–0.88)0.64 (0.44–0.940.78 (0.60–1.01)0.86 (0.66–1.14)0.71 (0.52–0.96)0.82 (0.60–1.12)
    >1 serving per day377 (16.1)0.51 (0.34–0.78)0.53 (0.34–0.83)0.63 (0.47–0.85)0.74 (0.54–1.02)0.70 (0.51–0.97)0.90 (0.63–1.28)
    p-value for trend0.000790.0030.0020.0550.0180.400
    Other apple juice<1 serving per month#1156 (57.8)111111
    1 serving per month–1 serving per week393 (19.6)0.84 (0.59–1.21)0.88 (0.61–1.28)0.82 (0.62–1.07)0.91 (0.69–1.20)0.79 (0.58–1.07)0.85 (0.62–1.17)
    2–6 servings per week254 (12.7)0.91(0.59–1.39)0.93 (0.60–1.44)0.73 (0.52–1.02)0.90 (0.63–1.28)0.68 (0.47–1.00)0.79 (0.53–1.17)
    >1 serving per day198 (9.9)0.60 (0.35–1.02)0.64 (0.35–1.14)0.64 (0.44–0.94)0.90 (0.63–1.28)0.71 (0.47–1.09)0.95 (0.61–1.49)
    p-value for trend0.0790.160.0110.520.0530.61
    • OR: odds ratio; CI: confidence interval. #: reference group.

PreviousNext
Back to top
View this article with LENS
Vol 29 Issue 6 Table of Contents
European Respiratory Journal: 29 (6)
  • Table of Contents
  • Index by author
Email

Thank you for your interest in spreading the word on European Respiratory Society .

NOTE: We only request your email address so that the person you are recommending the page to knows that you wanted them to see it, and that it is not junk mail. We do not capture any email address.

Enter multiple addresses on separate lines or separate them with commas.
Childhood asthma and fruit consumption
(Your Name) has sent you a message from European Respiratory Society
(Your Name) thought you would like to see the European Respiratory Society web site.
Print
Alerts
Sign In to Email Alerts with your Email Address
Citation Tools
Childhood asthma and fruit consumption
B. J. Okoko, P. G. Burney, R. B. Newson, J. F. Potts, S. O. Shaheen
European Respiratory Journal Jun 2007, 29 (6) 1161-1168; DOI: 10.1183/09031936.00097806

Citation Manager Formats

  • BibTeX
  • Bookends
  • EasyBib
  • EndNote (tagged)
  • EndNote 8 (xml)
  • Medlars
  • Mendeley
  • Papers
  • RefWorks Tagged
  • Ref Manager
  • RIS
  • Zotero

Share
Childhood asthma and fruit consumption
B. J. Okoko, P. G. Burney, R. B. Newson, J. F. Potts, S. O. Shaheen
European Respiratory Journal Jun 2007, 29 (6) 1161-1168; DOI: 10.1183/09031936.00097806
del.icio.us logo Digg logo Reddit logo Technorati logo Twitter logo CiteULike logo Connotea logo Facebook logo Google logo Mendeley logo
Full Text (PDF)

Jump To

  • Article
    • Abstract
    • METHODS
    • RESULTS
    • DISCUSSION
    • Acknowledgments
    • References
  • Figures & Data
  • Info & Metrics
  • PDF
  • Tweet Widget
  • Facebook Like
  • Google Plus One

More in this TOC Section

  • Bacteria and mould components in house dust and children's allergic sensitisation
  • Nonatopic asthma is associated with helminth infections and bronchiolitis in poor children
Show more Original Articles: Allergy and asthma: from child to adulthood

Related Articles

Navigate

  • Home
  • Current issue
  • Archive

About the ERJ

  • Journal information
  • Editorial board
  • Reviewers
  • CME
  • Press
  • Permissions and reprints
  • Advertising

The European Respiratory Society

  • Society home
  • myERS
  • Privacy policy
  • Accessibility

ERS publications

  • European Respiratory Journal
  • ERJ Open Research
  • European Respiratory Review
  • Breathe
  • ERS books online
  • ERS Bookshop

Help

  • Feedback

For authors

  • Instructions for authors
  • Submit a manuscript
  • ERS author centre

For readers

  • Alerts
  • Subjects
  • Collections
  • Podcasts
  • RSS

Subscriptions

  • Accessing the ERS publications

Contact us

European Respiratory Society
442 Glossop Road
Sheffield S10 2PX
United Kingdom
Tel: +44 114 2672860
Email: journals@ersnet.org

ISSN

Print ISSN:  0903-1936
Online ISSN: 1399-3003

Copyright © 2019 by the European Respiratory Society