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Bronchodilator response in the lung health study over 11 yrs

N. R. Anthonisen, P. G. Lindgren, D. P. Tashkin, R. E. Kanner, P. D. Scanlon, J. E. Connett for the Lung Health Study Research Group
European Respiratory Journal 2005 26: 45-51; DOI: 10.1183/09031936.05.00102604
N. R. Anthonisen
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P. G. Lindgren
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D. P. Tashkin
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R. E. Kanner
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P. D. Scanlon
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J. E. Connett
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  • Fig. 1—
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    Fig. 1—

    Bronchodilator (BD) responses in the special intervention (•) and usual care (○) groups over 11 yrs. a) shows relative responses, b) shows absolute responses, and c) shows responses as a percentage of predicted. #: significant differences among groups.

  • Fig. 2—
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    Fig. 2—

    Bronchodilator (BD) responses as a function of time in sustained quitters (○), intermittent quitters (▓), and continuing smokers (•). a) shows relative responses, b) shows absolute responses, and c) shows responses as a percentage of predicted. #: significant differences among groups.

  • Fig. 3—
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    Fig. 3—

    Frequency distribution of root mean squared error (RMSE), an analog of the standard deviation, of absolute response for years one to five.

Tables

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  • Table. 1—

    Baseline data: 11-yr cohort

    Variable
    Male61.9
    Age yr50.1±7.4
    SI treatment group67.2
    Baseline cigarettes·day−130.8±12.7
    Pack-yrs39.9±18.6
    LHS 3 smoking status
     Sustained quitters17.7
     Intermittent quitters57.1
     Continuous smokers25.5
    FEV1
     Pre-BD L2.64±0.60
     Post-BD L2.75±0.63
    FEV1
     % pred pre-BD75.4±8.73
     % pred post-BD78.5±9.01
    Methacholine reactivity
     5 mg·mL−1 % reactors#33.6
     25 mg·mL−1 % reactors#71.8
    • Data are presented as mean±sd or %. SI: special intervention; LHS: lung health study; FEV1: forced expiratory volume in one second; BD: bronchodilator. #: reactors showed a decline in FEV1 of ≤20% in response to the indicated (or lower) doses.

  • Table. 2—

    Bronchodilator response by demographic variables

    VariableAbsoluteRelative% predicted
    Responsep-valueResponsep-valueResponsep-value
    Sex
     Females86.6<0.001#4.200.308#3.070.299#
     Males127.34.363.19
    Group
     SI112.20.776#4.330.534#3.160.543#
     UC111.04.233.09
    LHS 3 smoking status
     SQ116.00.519#4.410.712#3.230.601#
     IQ111.84.303.15
     CS108.94.213.06
    Methacholine Reactivity
     No response107.1<0.001#3.62<0.001#2.82<0.001#
     25 mg103.63.702.79
     10 mg109.74.303.12
     5 mg115.64.823.41
     1 mg151.36.734.57
     Diluent93.84.553.02
    Age−0.200¶<0.001+−0.134¶<0.001+−0.157¶<0.001+
    Baseline cigarettes·day−1−0.032¶0.013+−0.044¶0.001+−0.057¶<0.001+
    Pack-yrs−0.108¶<0.001+−0.089¶<0.001+−0.109¶<0.001+
    • SI: special intervention; UC: usual care; LHS: lung health study; SQ: sustained quitters; IQ: intermediate quitters; CS: continuous smokers. #: p-value for ANOVA test of response differences within groups; ¶: correlation; +: p-value for correlation of response by variable of interest.

  • Table. 3—

    Comparison of bronchodilator response and methacholine reactivity

    Bronchodilator responseMethacholine reactivity
    Sex differenceNoYes
    Age relatedYesNo
    Related to baseline smokingYesNo
    Influence of smoking cessationIncreasesDecreases
    Effect of disease progressionIncreasesIncreases
    Predicts decline of FEV1NoYes
    • FEV1: forced expiration volume in one second.

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Bronchodilator response in the lung health study over 11 yrs
N. R. Anthonisen, P. G. Lindgren, D. P. Tashkin, R. E. Kanner, P. D. Scanlon, J. E. Connett
European Respiratory Journal Jul 2005, 26 (1) 45-51; DOI: 10.1183/09031936.05.00102604

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Bronchodilator response in the lung health study over 11 yrs
N. R. Anthonisen, P. G. Lindgren, D. P. Tashkin, R. E. Kanner, P. D. Scanlon, J. E. Connett
European Respiratory Journal Jul 2005, 26 (1) 45-51; DOI: 10.1183/09031936.05.00102604
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