Figures
- Fig. 1—
Concentrations of CC chemokine ligand (CCL)3 in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid of controls and idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) patients. Horizontal bars represent median values. #: p<0.03.
- Fig. 2—
Concentrations of CC chemokine ligand (CCL)4 in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid of controls and idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) patients. Horizontal bars represent median values. #: p<0.003.
- Fig. 3—
Concentrations of CC chemokine ligand (CCL)2 in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid of controls and idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) patients. Horizontal bars represent median values. #: p<0.0001.
- Fig. 4—
Relationship of CC chemokine ligand (CCL)2 concentrations in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis patients with a) carbon monoxide diffusing capacity of the lung (DL,CO; ρ = −0.768; p = 0.0021) and b) arterial oxygen tension (Pa,O2; ρ = −0.654; p = 0.009). kPa = 0.133×mmHg.
- Fig. 5—
Relationship between CC chemokine ligand (CCL)3 concentrations in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis and percentage (a, c) and number (b, d) of neutrophils and eosinophils (a: ρ = 0.569, p = 0.04; b: ρ = 0.608, p = 0.015; c: ρ = 0.600, p = 0.028; d: ρ = 0.675, p = 0.015).
Tables
- Table. 1—
Demographic and functional data of the study population
Controls IPF p-values# Subjects n 18 17 Males/females 11/7 7/10 Age 46.6±20.5 62.7±10.1 0.0005 FEV1 % pred 106.4±16.7 77.4±18.1 0.0001 FVC % pred 105.7±14.8 74.1±18.5 <0.0001 FEV1/FVC 85.7±6.5 93.9±7.2 0.01 DL,CO % 98.3±10.3 52.2±13.9 <0.0001 Pa,O2 mmHg 89.4±2.2 67.3±10.7 <0.0001 Data are presented as mean±sd, unless otherwise stated. IPF: idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis; FEV1: forced expiratory volume in one second; FVC: forced vital capacity; DL,CO: carbon monoxide diffusing capacity of the lung; Pa,O2: arterial oxygen tension. #: using t-test. kPa = 0.133×mmHg.
- Table. 2—
Characteristics of bronchoalveolar lavage of the study population
Controls IPF p-value# Subjects n 18 17 Recovery mL 84 (63–102) 77 (30–97) 0.66 Cells·mL−1 ×103 125.1 (54.6–245.4) 200.3 (68.4–271.8) 0.048 Macrophages % 90.5 (74.3–95.6) 81.6 (40.5–88.2) 0.0004 Lymphocytes % 8.5 (2.2–23.1) 4.8 (2.3–7.4) 0.27 Neutrophils % 1.5 (0.2–2.8) 10.0 (0.3–35.1) <0.0001 Eosinophils % 0.3 (0–1.1) 3.5 (0.1–24.4) <0.0001 Basophils % 0.1 (0–0.9) 0.1 (0–0.4) 0.59 Macrophages·mL−1 ×103 105.6 (46.4–234.1) 119.0 (29.4–226.1) 0.38 Lymphocytes·mL−1 ×103 8.0 (2.2–37.1) 7.4 (2.5–15.3) 0.90 Neutrophils·mL−1 ×103 1.7 (0.2–5.4) 17.9 (0.2–85.7) <0.0001 Eosinophils·mL−1 ×103 0.5 (0–1.4) 4.3 (0.1–65.6) <0.0001 Basophils·mL−1 ×103 0.1 (0–1.5) 0.1 (0–0.4) 0.57 Data are presented as median (range), unless otherwise stated. IPF: idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis. #: using Mann-Whitney U-test.
- Table. 3—
T-cell subsets and CC chemokine receptor (CCR)5+ lymphocytes (Ly) and macrophages (Am) in bronchoalveolar lavage of the study population
Controls IPF p-value Subjects n 18 17 CCR5+ Ly % 20.5 (2.0–40.0 ) 5.0 (0.0–30.0 ) 0.0015 CCR5+ Am % 2.8 (0.0–25.8) 2.3 (0.0–11.0) 0.61 CCR5+ Ly·mL−1 ×103 1.4 (0.1–5.3) 0.4 (0.0–2.0) 0.0062 CCR5+ Am·mL−1 ×103 2.4 (0.0–35.9) 5.1 (0.0–30.9) 0.38 Data are presented as median (range), unless otherwise stated. IPF: idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis.
