Prospective population-based study on the survival of patients with lung cancer

R. Mäkitaro; P. Pääkko; E. Huhti; R. Bloigu; V.L. Kinnula

doi:10.1183/09031936.02.00048302

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Fig. 1.—
Survival of lung cancer patients in the years 1968–1971 (═; 12) and 1990–1992 (—).

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Table 1

Survival data of lung cancer patients according to different factors in the years 1968–1971 12 and 1990–1992

Factor	1968–1971 survey			1990–1992 survey			Comparison between surveys
	n (%)⁺	2 yrs^#	5 yrs^¶	n (%)⁺	2 yrs^#	5 yrs^¶
All patients	446 (100)	66 (15)	19 (4)	602 (100)	114 (19)	72 (12)	n2 p=0.79, n5 p<0.001
Male	420 (94)	62 (15)	19 (4)	510 (85)	92 (18)	59 (12)
Female	26 (6)	4 (15)	0	92 (15)	22 (24)	13 (14)
Histological type
Squamous cell carcinoma	198 (44)	40 (20)	12 (6)	204 (34)	54 (26)	33 (16)	p<0.001
Adenocarcinoma	50 (11)	9 (18)	2 (4)	135 (22)	31 (23)	25 (19)	p=0.006
Small cell carcinoma	115 (26)	5 (4)	2 (2)	121 (20)	9 (7)	4 (3)	ns
Large cell carcinoma	21 (5)	2 (10)	1 (5)	23 (4)	4 (17)	2 (9)	ns
Other unclassified	47 (11)	7 (15)	2 (4)	33 (6)	9 (27)	6 (18)	ns
No histology	15 (3)	3 (20)	0 (0)	86 (14)	7 (8)	2 (2)	ns
Comparison between types	χ²logrank=67.9, p<0.001			χ²logrank=59.2, p<0.001
TNM staging				519 (86)
Stage I				97 (19)	56 (58)	41 (42)
Stage II				21 (4)	13 (62)	7 (33)
Stage IIIA				57 (11)	19 (33)	10 (18)
Stage IIIB				128 (25)	16 (13)	10 (8)
Stage IV				216 (41)	6 (3)	2 (1)
Comparison between stages				χ²logrank=199.6, p<0.001
Treatment
Surgery	71 (16)	33 (46)	17 (24)	123 (20)	79 (64)	59 (48)	p<0.001
Chemotherapy	58 (13)	3 (5)	0 (0)	20 (3)	2 (10)	1 (5)	ns
Radiotherapy	150 (33)	19 (13)	2 (1)	189 (32)	22 (11)	8 (4)	ns
Combination	79 (18)	9 (11)	0 (0)	54 (9)	6 (11)	2 (4)	ns
No treatment	68 (20)	2 (2)	0 (0)	216 (36)	5 (2)	0 (0)	ns
Comparison between treatment	χ²logrank=218.7, p<00.1			χ²logrank=227, p<00.1
Symptomatic stages	441 (99)			517 (86)
No symptoms	70 (16)	21 (30)	7 (10)	47 (9)	25 (53)	18 (38)	p<0.001
Primary symptoms	140 (32)	30 (21)	11 (8)	141 (27)	43 (30)	30 (21)	p<0.001
Systemic symptoms	127 (29)	13 (10)	1 (1)	217 (42)	39 (18)	18 (8)	p<0.001
Metastatic symptoms	104 (23)	2 (2)	0 (0)	112 (22)	1 (1)	0 (0)	ns
Comparison between stages	χ²logrank=99, p<0.001			χ²logrank=120, p<0.001

⁺: Number of patients at the beginning (% of all patients in survey with data on factor considered)
^#: number and percentage surviving for 2 yrs
^¶: number and percentage surviving for 5 yrs
TNM: tumour, node, metastasis
ns: nonsignificant
χ²: chi-squared
n2: 2-yr survival rate comparison
n5: 5-yr survival rate comparison

Table 2

factors analysed jointly for prognostic significance

	Exp (β)	SE (β)	p-value 95% CI for Exp (β)
Age	1.0084	0.0052	0.1070	0.9982–1.0187
Histology	1.0089	0.0327	0.7861	1.0089–1.0757
TNM stage	1.435	0.0441	0.000	1.4169–1.6845
Treatment	1.3433	0.0378	0.000	1.309–1.5180
Sex	1.1372	0.1378	0.3195	0.6655–1.1421

Exp (β): hazard ratio
SE (β): Standard error of beta
95% CI for Exp (β): 95% confidence interval for hazard ratio
TNM: tumour, node, metastasis