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Interlobar differences in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid from children with cystic fibrosis

J.P. Gutierrez, K. Grimwood, D.S. Armstrong, J.B. Carlin, R. Carzino, A. Olinsky, C.F. Robertson, P.D. Phelan
European Respiratory Journal 2001 17: 281-286; DOI: 10.1183/09031936.01.17202810
J.P. Gutierrez
1Dept of Respiratory Medicine and the 2Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics Unit, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, and 3Dept of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, 3052, Australia
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K. Grimwood
1Dept of Respiratory Medicine and the 2Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics Unit, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, and 3Dept of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, 3052, Australia
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D.S. Armstrong
1Dept of Respiratory Medicine and the 2Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics Unit, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, and 3Dept of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, 3052, Australia
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J.B. Carlin
1Dept of Respiratory Medicine and the 2Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics Unit, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, and 3Dept of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, 3052, Australia
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R. Carzino
1Dept of Respiratory Medicine and the 2Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics Unit, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, and 3Dept of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, 3052, Australia
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A. Olinsky
1Dept of Respiratory Medicine and the 2Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics Unit, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, and 3Dept of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, 3052, Australia
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C.F. Robertson
1Dept of Respiratory Medicine and the 2Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics Unit, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, and 3Dept of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, 3052, Australia
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P.D. Phelan
1Dept of Respiratory Medicine and the 2Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics Unit, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, and 3Dept of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, 3052, Australia
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Tables

  • Table 1—

    The clinical characteristics of the study participants

    ≥1×105 cfu·mL−1<1×105 cfu·mL−1
    Subjects n924
    Age months35.3±21.322.1±13.3
    Age range months3–571.5–50
    Sex % male3354
    CF genotype %
     Homozygous ΔF5087 (78)16 (67)
     Heterozygous ΔF5081 (11)7 (29)
     No copies ΔF5081 (11)1 (4)
    Respiratory symptoms %8 (89)19 (79)
    Oral antibiotics %6 (67)12 (50)
    • Data are presented as mean±sd or n (%).

    • 1×105 colony forming units of pathogenic bacteria·mL−1 of bronchoalveolar lavage fluid from ≥1 lobes 9

    • oral antistaphylococcal antibiotics. CF: cyctic fibrosis.

  • Table 2—

    Cystic fibrosis subjects with ≥1×105 cfu·mL−1 of bacteria in their bronchalveolar lavage

    Nature of infectionSubject numberAge monthsSexLobeBAL orderPathogencfu.mL−1% n#IL-8 pg.mL−1
    Focal155FRML1st M. catarrhalis 1×10870217
    Lingula2nd M. catarrhalis 1×10473135
    252FRML2nd B. cepacia 1×105505968
    H. influenzae 1×104
    S. aureus 1×103
    P. aeruginosa 1×102
    Lingula1st H. influenzae 1×102431417
    335FRML1st M. catarrhalis 1×105566300
    Lingula2ndNo pathogens—621493
    424MRML2nd S. aureus 1×10677362
    Lingula1st S. aureus 1×10417878
    53MRML2nd S. aureus 1×105691587
    Lingula1st S. aureus 1×101242922
    637FRML2nd P. aeruginosa 1×10580389
    Lingula1st P. aeruginosa 1×10495757
    Bilateral757MRML2nd P. aeruginosa 1×108511672
    Lingula1st P. aeruginosa 1×107671436
    852FRML2nd P. aeruginosa 1×107859805
    Lingula1st P. aeruginosa 1×106914908
    93FRML1st M. catarrhalis 1×10651372
    Lingula2nd M. catarrhalis 1×10550442
    • Colony forming units·mL−1 of bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) fluid

    • percentage neutrophils. RML: right middle lobe; IL-8: interleukin-8

  • Table 3—

    Cystic fibrosis infant bronchoalveolar lavage profiles from the right middle and lingula lobes

    ≥1×105 cfu·mL−1<1×105 cfu·mL−1 in both lobes
    RMLp-valueLingulaRMLLingula
    Subjects n624
    Recovery %340.88324144
    CI19–58—23–4534–5036–51
    p-value0.42—0.09
    Pathogen cfu·mL−14.6×1050.0033.2×1022.6×1012.1×101
    CI2.5–86—0.04–22.30.4–11.60.3–7.8
    p-value<0.001—0.15——
    Total cell count ×104·mL−11710.09106136120
    CI124–260—42–265100–18483–172
    p-value0.19—0.77——
    Macrophages %300.29446866
    CI27–43—12–7559–7659–74
    p-value<0.001—0.14——
    Neutrophils %670.29522829
    CI55–79—21–8421–3522–36
    p-value<0.001—0.12——
    Lymphocytes %4.00.853.83.03.2
    CI0.4–7.6—0.4–7.21.9–4.02.3–4.0
    p-value0.51—0.65——
    IL-8 pg·mL−111040.67906229175
    CI233–5236302–2716114–459108–283
    p-value0.050.01——
    • ≥1×105 cfu·mL−1 in the right middle lobe only

    • paired t-test between right middle and lingula lobes in the 6 subjects with ≥1×105 cfu·mL−1 in the right middle lobe only

    • 2-sample t-test between right middle lobes and between lingula lobes in the 6 subjects with unilateral (right middle lobe only) bacterial counts ≥1×105 cfu·mL−1 and the 24 subjects with 1×105 cfu·mL−1 in both lobes. IL-8: interleukin-8

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Interlobar differences in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid from children with cystic fibrosis
J.P. Gutierrez, K. Grimwood, D.S. Armstrong, J.B. Carlin, R. Carzino, A. Olinsky, C.F. Robertson, P.D. Phelan
European Respiratory Journal Feb 2001, 17 (2) 281-286; DOI: 10.1183/09031936.01.17202810

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Interlobar differences in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid from children with cystic fibrosis
J.P. Gutierrez, K. Grimwood, D.S. Armstrong, J.B. Carlin, R. Carzino, A. Olinsky, C.F. Robertson, P.D. Phelan
European Respiratory Journal Feb 2001, 17 (2) 281-286; DOI: 10.1183/09031936.01.17202810
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