The term Pulmonary–renal syndrome refers to the combination of diffuse alveolar haemorrhage
and rapidly progressive glomerulonephritis. A variety of mechanisms such as those …

Background: Medical Research Council (MRC) chronic dyspnea scale, used for the estimation
of disability due to dyspnea, may serve as a simple index of disease severity and extent in …

Background Several studies have implicated a role of inflammation in the pathogenesis of
lung damage in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF). Parenchymal lung damage leads to …

… The BAL fluid was centrifuged at 400 g at 4C for 10 min. The cell pellet was washed twice
with cold phosphate-buffered saline solution and resuspended in 4 mL of RPMI 1640 medium (…

BACKGROUND: Primary Sjögren's syndrome (pSs) is an autoimmune rheumatic disease that
may express in a small number of patients a spectrum of lymphoproliferative diseases. The …

FVC ratio, 85%. A posteroanterior chest radiograph demonstrated a markedly elevated right
hemidiaphragm. There was no apparent intrathoracic cause related to a mediastinal mass …

Discussion Actinomycosis is a subacute or chronic disease caused by anaerobic or
microaerophilic bacterial species of the genus Actinomyces. These causative agents are Gram-…

CASE HISTORY A 65-yr-old male, current smoker of. 30 cigarettes? day-1 (total smoking
history 150 pack-yrs), who was working as a bus driver, presented at the Evangelismos …

A Greek, 38-yr-old male, owner and grill-man in a tavern in an Aegean island (Naxos), with a
40-pack-yrs smoking history, was admitted to the Evangelismos General Hospital of Athens …

Discussion Visceral leishmaniasis (kala-azar) is a disseminated protozoan infection, transmitted
by female sand fly bites, in which macrophages of the liver, spleen and bone marrow …