In this chapter we first consider turbulence from a somewhat heuristic viewpoint, in particular
discussing the importance of turbulence as a physical phenomenon and describing the …

The anatomical relationships between lymphoid, bony, and other tissues affecting the shape
of the upper airway in children with obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS) have not …

Detailed analysis of the upper airway has not been performed in children with obstructive
sleep apnea. We used magnetic resonance imaging and automatic segmentation to delineate …

The present study is to apply the immersed-boundary method to simulate 2- and 3-D viscous
incompressible flows interacting with moving solid boundaries. Previous studies indicated …

The highly restricted distribution of human folate receptor-alpha (FRα) in normal tissues and
its high expression in some tumors, along with its putative role in tumor cell transformation, …

Computational fluid dynamic (CFD) analysis was used to model the effect of airway geometry
on internal pressure in the upper airway of three children with obstructive sleep apnea …

The upper airway undergoes progressive changes during childhood. Using magnetic resonance
imaging (MRI), we studied the growth relationships of the tissues surrounding the upper …

Rationale: Mechanisms leading to obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS) in obese
children are not well understood. Objectives: The aim of the study was to determine anatomical …

As compared with control subjects, children with Down syndrome have different size and
shape relationships among tissues composing the upper airway, which may predispose them …

There is a trend toward less radical ablations, making reconstructions easier.(2) More and
more women are demanding reconstructions because the subject is being publicized in the …