Objectives The prevalence and clinical outcomes of COVID-19 in patients with autoimmune
diseases who are frequently treated with disease modifying therapies remains poorly …

Intestinal macrophages play a central role in regulation of immune responses against
commensal bacteria. In general, intestinal macrophages lack the expression of innate-immune …

Background The management and life expectancy of patients with cystic fibrosis have
improved substantially in the past three decades, which has resulted in an increased number of …

BACKGROUND & AIMS: Dendritic cells (DCs) possess the most potent ability to induce
acquired immunity. However, their involvement in the pathogenesis of Crohn's disease (CD) has …

Background & Aims Patients with immune-mediated inflammatory diseases (IMIDs) have an
increased risk of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), primarily attributed to the use of …

Since genetically engineered animal models of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) do not
develop colitis under germ-free conditions, the intestinal microflora is thought to be one of the …

The COVID-19 pandemic has infected millions of people worldwide and many countries have
been suffering from a large number of deaths. Acknowledging the ability of SARS-CoV-2 to …

OBJECTIVE The clinical significance of cytomegalovirus (CMV) reactivation complicating
ulcerative colitis (UC) patients has been uncertain. It has therefore remained undetermined …

The Earth’s main magnetic field is thought to be generated by motions in the planet’s fluid
outer core, which lead to an effect similar to that of a dynamo 1 , 2 , 3 . Recent high-resolution …

Background and aims: Many lines of evidence suggest that T helper cell type 1 (Th1) immune
responses predominate in Crohn’s disease (CD). Recently, a novel transcription factor T-…