Several clinical, anthropometric and biochemical parameters have been used for the evaluation of the nutritional status and diagnosis of protein-energy malnutrition [1]. Analysis of the complete serum amino-acid spectrum by ion-exchange chromatography provides valuable information on the adequacy of protein intake and on the metabolic response to protein depletion in undernourished subjects. However, the serum aminogram is quite differently affected by acute or chronic starvation or the great variety of starchy but low-protein foods and further toxic factors (e.g. mycotoxins) leading to kwashiorkor. Thus, very complex alterations of the serum amino-acid spectrum had to be expected [5, 9] and stimulated the present investigation for reference purposes. We report the results of amino acid determinations in apparently healthy adult males and pregnant women taking the traditional Ethiopian diet. For want of a better evaluation of the specific nutritional influence, we also collected data on serum amino acids of healthy Ethiopians consuming an average European diet.