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Licensed Unlicensed Requires Authentication Published by De Gruyter July 20, 2006

Cysteine cathepsins and caspases in silicosis

  • Gilles Lalmanach , Elisabeth Diot , Emmanuel Godat , Fabien Lecaille and Virginie Hervé-Grépinet
From the journal Biological Chemistry

Abstract

Silicosis is an occupational pneumoconiosis caused by inhalation of crystalline silica. It leads to the formation of fibrohyalin nodes that result in progressive fibrosis. Alternatively, emphysema may occur, with abnormal destruction of collagen fibres in the advanced stages. Although the pathophysiological mechanisms remain unclear, it has been established that the lung responds to silica by massive enrolment of alveolar macrophages, triggering an inflammatory cascade of reactions. An imbalance in the expression of lung proteases and their inhibitors is implicated in extracellular matrix remodelling and basement membrane disruption. Moreover, exposure to silica can initiate apoptotic cell death of macrophages. This review summarises the current knowledge on cysteine cathepsins that have been ignored so far during silicosis and outlines the recent progress on cellular pathways leading to silica-induced caspase activation, which have been partly delineated.

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Published Online: 2006-07-20
Published in Print: 2006-07-01

©2006 by Walter de Gruyter Berlin New York

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