Chest
Clinical InvestigationsSPUTUMIncreased Activity of Matrix Metalloproteinase-8 and Matrix Metalloproteinase-9 in Induced Sputum From Patients With COPD
Section snippets
Subjects
Seventeen patients with smoking-related, clinically stable COPD (using American Thoracic Society criteria22) were included in the study. These patients had a stable airflow limitation with an FEV1 of <70% predicted, with reversibility of FEV1 of < 11% predicted (or < 200 mL) following inhaled β-agonist administration (Spirometer Masterlab; Jaeger; Wu¨rzburg, Germany), and a smoking history of at least 20 pack-years. Five patients with COPD were ex-smokers (ie, they had quit smoking at least 1
Subject Characteristics
Patients in the COPD group showed mild-to-moderate airflow obstruction, whereas HSs had normal FEV1 values (percent predicted) according to the selection criteria (Table 1). Figure 1shows the sputum characteristics. The percentage of neutrophils was significantly higher in COPD patients than in HSs, whereas the percentage of macrophages was lower. The same was true for the absolute numbers of neutrophils and macrophages (data not shown). The degree of airflow limitation (FEV1 percent predicted)
Discussion
The increased expression of the MMP is considered to be a key factor in the development and progression of COPD. MMP expression represents a tightly regulated process of proteinase expression, activation, and inhibition by specific inhibitors. In this study, we investigated MMP collagenase and gelatinase activity in the induced sputum of patients with mild-to-moderate COPD and HSs. The concept of an imbalance between the release of proteinases, in particular MMPs, and of antiproteinase enzymes
ACKNOWLEDGMENT
The authors wish to thank Natascha van Lent and Adri Mulder for excellent technical help with the immunocapture activity assays and immunohistochemistry, respectively, and Dr. A.M.W.J. Schols for expert assistance with the statistical evaluation of the data.
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This study was supported by a grant of the Development Foundation (Profileringsfonds) of University Hospital Maastricht, Maastricht, the Netherlands.