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Clinical InvestigationsSLEEP AND BREATHINGSnoring in Preschool Children*: Prevalence and Association With Nocturnal Cough and Asthma
Section snippets
Materials and Methods
The methods of this study have been published in detail8 and are described briefly below.
Results
In the 516 boys and 458 girls studied, 54 boys (10.5%) and 48 girls (10.5%) had snoring for ≥ 4 nights per week, and 189 boys (36.6%) and 140 girls (30.6%) were reported to have nocturnal cough for ≥ 4 nights per week. In addition, 161 boys (31.2%) and 112 girls (24.5%) had a doctor diagnosis of asthma (Table 1).
There was no difference in the prevalence of snoring between the genders (p = 0.99) and no trend association with age (χ2, one degree of freedom [1df] = 0.31, p = 0.58). In the sample,
Discussion
This is the first community survey in preschool children in which associations between snoring, nocturnal cough, and asthma have been investigated. This study extends previous studies of snoring in childhood in suggesting that habitual snoring is common in preschool children. The prevalence of 10.5% for both genders was similar to the 10% found in French children aged 5 to 6 years,2 and 11.4% in English children aged 4 to 7 years.1 The somewhat lower prevalence estimated in the Italian study3
ACKNOWLEDGMENT
We thank Elena Belousova for merging the data from the database, the Institute of Respiratory Medicine for data collection, the directors and care providers of the local preschool and child-care centers, and the parents and children for their participation and corporation. We also give special acknowledgment to the late Dr. Helen Bearpark, who conceived the idea of investigating sleep-disordered breathing in preschool children and developed the sleep questionnaire; this study is presented in
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Cited by (78)
Disorders of Breathing During Sleep
2019, Kendig's Disorders of the Respiratory Tract in ChildrenClinical recognition of mouth breathers by orthodontists: A preliminary study
2017, American Journal of Orthodontics and Dentofacial OrthopedicsThe Bidirectional Relationship Between Asthma and Obstructive Sleep Apnea: Which Came First?
2016, Journal of PediatricsCitation Excerpt :After adjusting for obesity, race, and sex, children with SDB had 3.62-fold higher odds of having severe asthma at 1-year follow-up compared with children without SDB (P = .02).4 In a randomly selected sample of 974 preschool-aged (2-5 years) children, Lu et al11 found physician-diagnosed asthma in 42.4% of the children who snored, compared with 26.4% of those who did not snore (P = .001). In the only study that used full overnight PSG for the evaluation of OSA, Ramagopal et al12 studied 236 children aged 2-15 years who were referred with a history of snoring, and found OSA in 40.5% of snoring children with asthma and in 41.4% of children who did not have asthma.
The Role of Co-Morbidities
2016, Current Problems in Pediatric and Adolescent Health Care