DiagnosticsBreath biomarkers of active pulmonary tuberculosis
Section snippets
Patients at high risk of active pulmonary TB
226 technically satisfactory breath samples and sputum cultures were obtained from high-risk patients at four sites: the University of California San Diego, California (38). The University of Santo Tomas, Manila, Philippines (100), De La Salle University Hospital, Cavite, Philippines (66), and The East London Tuberculosis Service, London, England (22). Patients aged 13 yr or older were defined as “high-risk” and included in the study if they had one or more symptoms or radiographic findings
Human subjects
Table 1 displays demographics, prevalence of symptoms, results of chest radiography, sputum culture, and sputum microscopy, and subjects assessed as positive or negative for active pulmonary TB. No subject reported any adverse effects associated with breath sample donation.
Concordance between tests for active pulmonary TB
Table 3 displays concordance between results of smear microscopy, sputum culture and chest radiography. Kappa values and results of McNemar's test16 indicate low agreement between these three diagnostic methods, except for
Discussion
Analysis of breath VOCs demonstrated apparent volatile biomarkers of active pulmonary TB, in an international multicenter study of high-risk patients. The VOC biomarkers may have been derived from the infective organism, the host, or from both.
These findings were consistent with the results of an earlier pilot study because the breath VOC biomarkers were similar to those previously observed in human breath, and also to the volatile metabolites of M. tuberculosis observed in vitro.15 The breath
Acknowledgements
This research was supported by SBIR award R44 AI52504-03 from NIH/NIAID. Michael Phillips is President and CEO of Menssana Research, Inc.; he had access to and takes responsibility for the integrity of the data and the accuracy of the data analysis. Other coauthors have no financial interest in the subject matter or any conflict of interest. Michael Phillips designed and supervised the study and drafted the manuscript. Victoria Basa-Dalay, Graham Bothamley, Phung Kim Lam, and Maria Piedad R.
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2021, Computational and Theoretical ChemistryCitation Excerpt :Before going into the discussion, we designate the adsorption site of different configurations on As-NS. M. Phillips et al. studied pulmonary tuberculosis biomarkers [44]. From the report, we came to know that four VOC are the prominent biomarker for TB, namely hexylcyclohexane, 4-methyldodecane, oxetane, 3-(1-methylethyl), tridecane.
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