| COPD | Non-COPD | Univariate analysis# | Multivariate analysis# | |
| Characteristics | ||||
| Males | 2005 (67.2) | 12216 (47.1) | 2.30 (2.12–2.49) | 2.72 (2.46–3.01) |
| BMI ≥30 kg·m−2 | 596/2022 (29.5) | 4697/17385 (27.0) | 1.13 (1.02–1.25) | 1.31 (1.18–1.45) |
| Age yrs | 75 (68–80) | 70 (55–78) | ||
| Age ≥75 yrs | 1503 (50.4) | 9519 (36.7) | 1.75 (1.62–1.89) | 2.08 (1.89–2.29) |
| Thrombosis risk factors | ||||
| Personal history of VTE | 488 (16.4) | 4033 (15.5) | 1.06 (0.96–1.18) | ns |
| Cancer | 600 (20.1) | 5534 (21.3) | 0.93 (0.84–1.02) | 0.88 (0.79–0.99) |
| Surgery in the last 2 months | 239 (8.0) | 3321 (12.8) | 0.59 (0.52–0.68) | 0.67 (0.57–0.80) |
| Immobilisation¶ | 968 (32.4) | 6303 (24.3) | ||
| COPD exacerbation | 308 (32) | NA | ||
| Trauma without surgery | 88 (9) | 1290 (21) | ||
| Acute infection | 208 (21) | 843 (13) | ||
| Mental disorders | 57 (6) | 958 (15) | ||
| Neoplasia | 39 (4) | 425 (7) | ||
| Neurological disorders | 66 (7) | 815 (13) | ||
| Cardiac disorders | 39 (4) | 313 (5) | ||
| Others | 163 (17) | 1659 (26) | ||
| Thromboprophylaxis | 306 (32) | 1492 (23.7) | ||
| Immobilisation+ | 660 (22.1) | 6303 (24.3) | 0.88 (0.81–0.97) | 0.89 (0.80–1.00) |
| Index VTE event | ||||
| Symptomatic PE | 1761 (59.0) | 12314 (47.4) | 1.59 (1.47–1.72) | 1.64 (1.49–1.80) |
Data are presented as n (%), n/N (%) or odds ratio (95% confidence interval). Data for age is presented as median (interquartile range). BMI: body mass index; PE; pulmonary embolism; NA: not available; ns: nonsignificant. #: COPD versus non-COPD; ¶: prolonged immobilisation (≥ 4 days) for any non-surgical reason; +: excluding that for COPD exacerbation.