| Non-OSA | OSA | p-value# | |||
| AHI <15 | AHI 15–30 | AHI 30–50 | AHI >50 | ||
| Subjects n | 44 | 29 | 42 | 43 | |
| AHI¶ events·h−1 | 11.6 (8.0–17.3) | 23.2 (19.8–27.5) | 37.8 (33.3–46.4) | 78.7 (58.6–114.6) | |
| WC cm | 123.2±14.1 | 126.3±12.1 | 130.9±14.2 | 137.9±17.5 | <0.001+,§§ |
| SBP mmHg | 126.8±17.3 | 131.6±14.7 | 140.0±17.0 | 142.1±15.5 | <0.001+,++ |
| DBP¶ mmHg | 78.0 (60.0–87.5) | 83.0 (80.0–90.0) | 84.0 (80.0–90.0) | 88.0 (83.0–93.0) | 0.001+ |
| cHDL mmol·L−1 | 1.32±0.27 | 1.34±0.59 | 1.20±0.34 | 1.07±0.26 | 0.004+,ƒƒ |
| TG¶ mmol·L−1 | 1.10 (0.90–1.53) | 1.21 (0.90–1.90) | 1.30 (1.00–1.90) | 1.60 (1.20–2.30) | 0.004+ |
| FBG¶ mmol·L−1 | 5.45 (5.00–6.03) | 5.50 (5.10–6.70) | 5.80 (5.30–6.20) | 6.40 (5.40–7.70) | 0.007+ |
| MetS | 36.4 | 62.1 | 69.8 | 74.4 | 0.001 |
| Metabolic index number of components | 2.34±1.03 | 2.72±1.00 | 3.14±1.13 | 3.53±1.16 | <0.001+,++,§§ |
| Total cholesterol mmol·L−1 | 5.01±0.82 | 4.97±1.02 | 4.82±0.78 | 4.93±0.90 | 0.796 |
| cLDL¶ mmol·L−1 | 1.39 (1.15–2.71) | 1.22 (1.01–1.57) | 1.19 (1.05–1.66) | 1.16 (0.97–1.45) | 0.030+ |
| cVLDL¶ mmol·L−1 | 0.39 (0.27–0.66) | 0.40 (0.22–0.71) | 0.56 (0.29–0.67) | 0.65 (0.43–1.04) | 0.022+ |
| HbA1c¶ | 5.4 (5.0–5.8) | 5.7 (5.3–6.2) | 5.5 (5.3–6.0) | 5.9 (5.5–7.1) | <0.001+,ƒƒƒ |
| IGT + DM2 | 34.1 | 46.2 | 39.5 | 59.0 | 0.137 |
Unless otherwise stated, data are presented as mean±sd or median (interquartile range); data are presented as % for normal, non-normal distributed (¶) and categorical data. AHI: apnoea/hypopnoea index; WC: waist circumference; SBP: systolic blood pressure; DBP: diastolic blood pressure; cHDL: high-density lipoprotein cholesterol; TG: triglycerides; FBG: fasting blood glucose; MetS: metabolic syndrome; cLDL: low-density lipoprotein cholesterol; cVLDL: very low-density lipoprotein cholesterol; HbA1c: glycosylated haemoglobin; IGT: impaired glucose tolerance (metabolic syndrome definition based on National Cholesterol Education Program (NCEP) Adult Treatment Panel (ATP) III modified criteria [1] and metabolic index, calculated as the sum of components of metabolic syndrome presented in each subject divided by the number of subjects in each AHI category); DM2: type 2 diabetes. #: comparisons among OSA categories. Chi-squared test was used for categorical variables. ANOVA with Scheffe post hoc analysis was used for normal continuous variables. Kruskal–Wallis test was used for non-normal distributed continuous variables using Mann–Whitney test and Bonferroni correction to compare between groups. For normal data p-values of intra-group tests were presented as follows: +, ++, §§ for intergroup results. +: p<0.001 between groups AHI <15 and AHI >50. ++: p<0.001 between groups: AHI <15 and AHI 30–50. §§: p<0.001 between groups AHI 15–30 and AHI >50. ƒƒ: p<0.001 between groups AHI <15 and AHI 15–30. ƒƒƒ: p<0.001 between groups AHI 30–50 and AHI >50.