Table 1– Risk of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and lung cancer since the year 2000 in patients hospitalised for autoimmune disease before the year 2000

Autoimmune disease	COPD				Lung cancer
Autoimmune disease	Person yrs	Obs.	SIR	95% CI	Person yrs	Obs.	SIR	95% CI
Addison’s disease	5195	10	3.56	1.69–6.57	6353	3	0.87	0.16–2.57
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis	2773	7	2.22	0.88–4.60	2907	0
Ankylosing spondylitis	21279	41	1.72	1.23–2.33	24116	11	0.72	0.36–1.29
Behçet’s disease	10627	9	0.94	0.43–1.80	10867	7	1.15	0.45–2.37
Celiac disease	25277	12	0.59	0.31–1.04	31288	3	1.26	0.24–3.74
Chronic rheumatic heart disease	20121	85	3.13	2.50–3.88	20976	20	0.93	0.57–1.44
Crohn’s disease	117202	132	1.18	0.99–1.40	130065	60	1.05	0.80–1.35
Diabetes mellitus type 1	80525	24	0.42	0.27–0.62	89180	1	0.48	0.00–2.77
Discoid lupus erythematosus	1515	6	2.98	1.07–6.53	1927	6	4.24	1.53–9.29
Graves’/hyperthyroidism	107993	204	2.37	2.05–2.71	108500	80	1.23	0.98–1.53
Hashimoto/hypothyroidism	22488	58	2.78	2.11–3.60	24586	21	1.35	0.84–2.07
Immune thrombocytopenic purpura	8215	6	1.23	0.44–2.69	8664	4	2.10	0.55–5.44
Localised scleroderma	14138	21	1.36	0.84–2.08	14398	9	1.20	0.55–2.30
Multiple sclerosis	33398	45	1.03	0.75–1.39	35891	18	0.86	0.51–1.36
Myasthenia gravis	50058	111	3.27	2.69–3.94	49010	46	1.02	0.74–1.36
Pernicious anaemia	9954	25	4.04	2.61–5.97	9980	10	0.94	0.45–1.73
Polyarteritis nodosa	11688	45	5.69	4.15–7.62	11824	9	0.76	0.35–1.46
Polymyalgia rheumatica	41301	146	3.77	3.18–4.44	42628	36	0.90	0.63–1.25
Polymyositis/dermatomyositis	2821	6	1.93	0.69–4.23	3484	8	3.92	1.67–7.76
Primary biliary cirrhosis	2467	8	4.79	2.05–9.49	2861	2	0.89	0.08–3.27
Psoriasis	46377	101	2.44	1.99–2.97	50146	44	1.33	0.97–1.79
Rheumatic fever	13327	28	2.05	1.36–2.97	13786	10	1.09	0.52–2.02
Rheumatoid arthritis	64834	181	2.57	2.21–2.97	103101	118	1.48	1.23–1.77
Sarcoidosis	31471	57	1.85	1.40–2.40	32410	17	0.85	0.50–1.37
Sjögren’s syndrome	8661	18	1.89	1.12–2.99	10075	5	0.79	0.25–1.85
Systemic lupus erythematosus	13363	33	2.29	1.57–3.21	16775	23	2.72	1.72–4.09
Systemic sclerosis	2555	6	3.08	1.11–6.74	3882	11	4.45	2.21–7.99
Ulcerative colitis	53018	44	1.27	0.92–1.70	77761	33	1.11	0.76–1.56
Wegener granulomatosis	2004	5	1.66	0.52–3.90	2228	2	1.10	0.10–4.04
All	826614	1474	1.99	1.89–2.09	941554	617	1.18	1.09–1.27

Obs.: observed; SIR: standardised incidence ratios. Numbers shown in bold font: 95% CIs do not overlap with 1.00.