Table 3– Simple logistic regression analysis and stepwise multiple logistic regression analysis of independent factors for atherosclerosis of carotid arteries in asthmatic patients

	Simple logistic regression analysis		Stepwise multiple logistic regression analysis
	OR (95% CI)	p-value	OR (95% CI)	p-value
Males	2.39 (1.20–4.87)	0.015	4.58 (2.01–11.06)	<0.001
Age per 1 yr	1.07 (1.02–1.13)	0.026	1.11 (1.05–1.18)	0.001
Dyslipidaemia	2.88 (1.42–6.05)	0.004	2.58 (1.19–5.75)	0.018
Mean daily dose of ICS^#	0.87 (0.77–0.98)	0.023	0.86 (0.74–0.97)	0.021
Hypertension	1.63 (0.82–3.24)	0.17	Not entered
Diabetes mellitus	2.09 (0.68–6.47)	0.19	Not entered
Smoking status	0.82 (0.51–1.29)	0.40	Not entered
BMI per 1 kg·m⁻²	1.04 (0.95–1.13)	0.44	Not entered
FEV₁/FVC %	0.99 (0.96–1.03)	0.76	Not entered
Duration of asthma per yr	1.00 (0.98–1.03)	0.81	Not entered
FVC % pred	0.99 (0.98–1.02)	0.76	Not entered

Dyslipidaemia was: 0 = absent; 1 = present. Smoking status was: 0 = never smoker; 1 = former smoker; 2 = current smoker. Diabetes mellitus was: 0 = absent, 1 = present. Hypertension was 0 = absent; 1 = present. The dose of inhaled corticosteroids (ICS) is expressed as equipotent dose, with chlorofluorocarbon beclomethasone dipropionate as reference. For chlorofluorocarbon beclomethasone dipropionate, conversion factors are 1.25 for budesonide and 2.0 for fluticasone propionate, hydrofluoroalkane beclomethasone dipropionate and hydrofluoroalkane ciclesonide. BMI: body mass index; FEV₁: forced expiratory volume in 1 s; FVC: forced vital capacity; % pred: % predicted. ^#: for the preceding 2 yrs per 100 μg·day⁻¹.